Common thorn fern

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Common thorn fern
Dryopteris carthusiana.jpg

Common thorn fern ( Dryopteris carthusiana )

Systematics
Ferns
Class : True ferns (Polypodiopsida)
Order : Spotted ferns (Polypodiales)
Family : Fern family (Dryopteridaceae)
Genre : Common ferns ( Dryopteris )
Type : Common thorn fern
Scientific name
Dryopteris carthusiana
( Vill. ) HP Fox

The Ordinary Dornfarn ( Dryopteris carthusiana , Syn. : Dryopteris spinulosa ), also Karthäuserfarn or mostly Thorny Wurmfarn called, is a plant of the genus dryopteris ( Dryopteris ). It is widespread in the northern hemisphere .

description

Illustration from Thomas Moore: The ferns of Great Britain and Ireland. , 1857
frond

The overhanging fronds of the deciduous fern are arranged in rosettes. The fronds reach a length of up to 90 centimeters. The petiole is about as long as the ovate-lanceolate blade and covered with light brown scales. The leaves are double to triple pinnate and yellow-green when young, later gray-green. The feathers are serrate at the edge. The spore containers sit in two rows on the underside of the spore-bearing fronds.

Similar species

The common thorn fern is quite similar to the broad-leaved thorn fern , especially when the fronds are young and still without spore receptacles. The best difference is the scales on the petiole; they are only light brown in the common thorn fern and have no dark brown central part.

Chromosome set

The chromosome number of the allo tetraploid common fern is 2n = 164. Two of its genomes come from Dryopteris intermedia , a North American species. It is still unknown which species the other two genomes come from. They probably correspond to the two as yet unknown genomes of the crested fern ( Dryopteris cristata ).

Occurrence

Its area includes Europe and North America and extends from West Asia and North Asia to Lake Baikal.

The common thorn fern occurs in shady forests, in oak and pine forests as well as in alder quarries and on the edge of moors. It thrives best in nutrient-poor, acidic, sandy soils and also likes to grow on tree stumps or at the foot of tree trunks, especially in alder forests . It thrives from the plain to the subalpine altitude . In the Allgäu Alps it rises up to approx. 1300 meters above sea level. The common thorn fern likes to grow in associations of the associations Alnion, Alno-Ulmion, Quercion roboris, the sub-associations Frangulo-Rubenion, Luzulo-Fagenion, but also epiphytically.

Taxonomy

The specific epithet carthusiana is derived from the site of the type material in the area of ​​the Grande Chartreuse near Grenoble, the center of the Carthusian order. It was first published by Dominique Villars . The new combination to Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) HPFuchs was published by Hans Peter Fuchs .

literature

  • Christopher Roy Fraser-Jenkins : Dryopteris , In: Karl Ulrich Kramer (Hrsg.): Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta . Founded by Gustav Hegi. 3rd, completely revised edition. Volume I. Part 1 Pteridophyta . Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1984, ISBN 3-489-50020-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 75.
  2. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  84-85 .

further reading

  • Kai Rünk, Martin Zobel, Kristjan Zobel: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Dryopteris carthusiana, D. dilatata and D. expansa . In: Journal of Ecology . tape 100 , no. 4 , July 2012, p. 1039 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1365-2745.2012.01985.x (English).

Web links

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