Comb fern

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Comb fern
Comb fern (Dryopteris cristata)

Comb fern ( Dryopteris cristata )

Systematics
Ferns
Class : True ferns (Polypodiopsida)
Order : Spotted ferns (Polypodiales)
Family : Fern family (Dryopteridaceae)
Genre : Common ferns ( Dryopteris )
Type : Comb fern
Scientific name
Dryopteris cristata
(L.) A. Gray

The comb fern , also comb worm fern ( Dryopteris cristata ) is a rarer representative of the genus of the worm ferns ( Dryopteris ), which grows exclusively in moors , wet meadows and swamp forests .

Another common German name for the Tyrol region near Lienz is the name Labassen.

description

Crested fern ( Dryopteris cristata ), illustration

The fronds of the deciduous fern are arranged in a loose rosette . They reach a length of about 70 centimeters and a width of only 5-15 centimeters. The leaf sits on a short stem and is only one, rarely two-pinnate and oval in shape. The leaf and leaflets end in a blunt point. Fronds with sori are conspicuously erect; the leaflets are set at right angles to the leaf surface by turning the stalks, they are protruding and their underside is often turned upwards. The lower to middle leaflets are strikingly short and triangular in outline.

The comb fern has the chromosome number 2n = 164. It is allotetraploid. Two of its 4 genomes come from the North American species [Dryopteris ludoviciana], where the other two genomes come from is not yet known; but they are probably also involved in the development of the common thorn fern .

Occurrence

The comb fern occurs in swamp forests, especially in alder swamps . He can also be found in various moors. It likes to be found on waterlogged soils and is a characteristic of the Carici-elongatae-Alnetum. Its total distribution includes the temperate latitudes of Europe, reaches the Balkans and the Black Sea and extends over Siberia to North America.

In Germany the crested fern is "specially protected" according to the Federal Species Protection Ordinance .

literature

  • A. Minkevičius et al. Lietuvos TSR Flora I. Vilnius 1959.
  • Ch. R. Fraser-Jenkins: Dryopteris . In: Gustav Hegi : Illustrated flora of Central Europe . Volume I, part 1. 3rd edition Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1984, ISBN 3-489-50020-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 48, online.

Web links

Commons : Comb fern  - album with pictures, videos and audio files