Comb fern
Comb fern | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Comb fern ( Dryopteris cristata ) |
||||||||||||
Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Dryopteris cristata | ||||||||||||
(L.) A. Gray |
The comb fern , also comb worm fern ( Dryopteris cristata ) is a rarer representative of the genus of the worm ferns ( Dryopteris ), which grows exclusively in moors , wet meadows and swamp forests .
Another common German name for the Tyrol region near Lienz is the name Labassen.
description
The fronds of the deciduous fern are arranged in a loose rosette . They reach a length of about 70 centimeters and a width of only 5-15 centimeters. The leaf sits on a short stem and is only one, rarely two-pinnate and oval in shape. The leaf and leaflets end in a blunt point. Fronds with sori are conspicuously erect; the leaflets are set at right angles to the leaf surface by turning the stalks, they are protruding and their underside is often turned upwards. The lower to middle leaflets are strikingly short and triangular in outline.
The comb fern has the chromosome number 2n = 164. It is allotetraploid. Two of its 4 genomes come from the North American species [Dryopteris ludoviciana], where the other two genomes come from is not yet known; but they are probably also involved in the development of the common thorn fern .
Occurrence
The comb fern occurs in swamp forests, especially in alder swamps . He can also be found in various moors. It likes to be found on waterlogged soils and is a characteristic of the Carici-elongatae-Alnetum. Its total distribution includes the temperate latitudes of Europe, reaches the Balkans and the Black Sea and extends over Siberia to North America.
In Germany the crested fern is "specially protected" according to the Federal Species Protection Ordinance .
literature
- A. Minkevičius et al. Lietuvos TSR Flora I. Vilnius 1959.
- Ch. R. Fraser-Jenkins: Dryopteris . In: Gustav Hegi : Illustrated flora of Central Europe . Volume I, part 1. 3rd edition Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1984, ISBN 3-489-50020-2 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 48, online.
Web links
- Comb fern. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Comb fern . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Distribution in Switzerland [1]
- Distribution in the Netherlands [2] (Dutch)
- Distribution in the northern hemisphere according to Eric Hultén
- Thomas Meyer: Fern data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )