Common bell-hat moss
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Common bell- cap moss ( Encalypta vulgaris ) |
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| Hedw. |
The Ordinary Glockenhutmoos ( Encalypta vulgaris ) is a moss -Art in the family encalyptaceae . German-language names are also Common Glockenhut or Common Glockenhutmoos.
description
The moss forms dense, cushion-shaped, light green to brownish green, root-felted lawns, the plants of which are usually up to 1 cm in size. The leaves are ovate or briefly tongue-shaped, rounded to pointed at the tip, sometimes briefly spiky. When wet, they are upright, crooked and twisted when dry. The red-brown leaf vein is very broad at the base of the leaf and extends to the tip of the leaf.
In the upper part of the leaf, leaf cells are densely papillary, rounded-hexagonal and 12 to 18 µm in size, at the leaf base they are smooth, rectangular and hyaline to brownish, on the lower leaf margins they are linear and form an indistinct border.
Sporophytes are formed regularly, spore ripening time is from April to July. The spore capsule is carried by the 0.5 to 1 centimeter long, yellow to red seta and is enveloped by the kalyptra . The kalyptra extends slightly over the attachment point of the spore capsule and has entire margins or irregularly lobed at the base. The spore capsule is not or only slightly striped, emptied slightly furrowed and longitudinally folded. A peristome is missing in this species. Spores are brownish-yellow, covered with large hemispherical warts and 25 to 38 µm in size.
Distribution and locations
Encalypta vulgaris is distributed throughout Europe with the exception of the far north, further in parts of Asia, in North America, North and South Africa, New Zealand and Tasmania .
It grows in dry and sunny locations on calcareous or at least alkaline soils, rocks and walls. Common accompanying mosses are Weissia species, Bryum caespiticium , Ditrichum flexicaule and Tortula calcicolens .
literature
- Jan-Peter Frahm , Wolfgang Frey : Moosflora (= UTB . 1250). 4th, revised and expanded edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8252-1250-5 .
- Martin Nebel, Georg Philippi (ed.): The mosses of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 1: General part, special part (Bryophytina I, Andreaeales to Funariales). Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3527-2 .
