Fusarium tricinctum
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| ( Corda ) Sacc. |
Fusarium tricinctum is a mushroom belonging to the order of the spheroidal mushrooms.
features
Characteristics on culture media
Fusarium tricinctum often forms macro- conidia on pale orange sporodochia on CLA ( Carnation Leaf Agar , i.e. agar with clove leaf extract) . On potato dextrose agar (PDA), Fusarium tricinctum grows very quickly and forms an abundant, dense mycelium that initially turns white, later pink, red or purple. Red pigments are formed in the agar.
Microscopic features
The sporodochia are pale orange and slender and sickle to moon-shaped. The thin-walled macro conidia are straight or slightly curved, 50 to 70 microns long and are usually five times, but sometimes three to four times septate . They are short to medium in length and clearly curved to crescent-shaped. Your apical cell is curved and tapered. The basal cell is foot-shaped. Macroconidia can be pointed at both ends. The often developed microconidia are turnip, pear, lemon or oval and are unseptate, sometimes simply septate. The microcondia can appear bundled and give the impression of grapes. The conidiogenic cells are in the form of monophialids , i.e. that is, they form only one layer of these cells. Chlamydospores can develop, but are not very common, and when they do, they grow very slowly (on CLA they take six weeks or more). If available, they are produced in chains or individually.
Similar species
Fusarium tricinctum can be confused with Fusarium poae , Fusarium sporotrichioides and Fusarium chlamydosporum , especially on PDAs . The species can be distinguished particularly by the shape of its microconidia and the formation of the monophialids (see above).
Ecology and diffusion
Fusarium tricinctum is widespread worldwide with a focus on the temperate latitudes. It lives saprophytically or as a weak parasite on a large number of plants. So it can cause brown rot on wheat. Fusarium tricinctum is also associated with rot on onions .
toxicology
Fusarium tricinctum can form mycotoxins such as Fusarin C, enniatin and moniliformin . Acuminatopyron , Fosfonochlorin and Visoltricin are produced as secondary metabolites . The species is assigned to risk group 1 by the ZKBS for genetic engineering work, so the work must be carried out under security level 1 . A classification into a risk group according to the Biological Agents Ordinance has not yet taken place.
Taxonomy
Fusarium tricinctum was first described by Corda in 1838 as Selenosporium tricinctum . Saccardo classified the species in the genus Fusarium in 1886 . Mycobank knows two forms : Fusarium tricinctum f. poae and Fusarium tricinctum f. tricinctum . Fusarium tricinctum is part of the genus in the Sporotrichiella section . When a major fruit form is formed, it is called Gibberella tricincta .
literature
- John F. Leslie, Brett A. Summerell: The Fusarium Laboratory Manual. Blackwell Publishing, 2006, ISBN 0-8138-1919-9 , pp. 268-269.
Individual evidence
- ^ E. Castañares, SA Stenglein, MI Dinolfo, MV Moreno, 2011. Fusarium tricinctum Associated with Head Blight on Wheat in Argentina. Plant Disease 95, 496, doi : 10.1094 / PDIS-07-10-0485 .
- ↑ R. Carrieri, F. Raimo, A. Pentangelo, E. Lahoz, 2013. Fusarium proliferatum and Fusarium tricinctum as causal agents of pink rot of onion bulbs and the effect of soil solarization combined with compost amendment in controlling their infections in field. Crop Protection 43: 31-37. doi : 10.1016 / j.cropro.2012.09.013 .
- ^ Statement of the ZKBS on the risk assessment of Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium poae and Fusarium tricinctum according to § 5 paragraph 1 GenTSV
- ↑ TRBA (Technical Rules for Biological Agents) 460: Classification of fungi in risk groups. In: Website of the Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA) . October 2002, p. 4 , accessed July 17, 2014 .
- ^ Mycobank, accessed July 17, 2014.