Crust globular mushrooms

Crust globular mushrooms
Nectria cinnabarina
Systematics
Sub-kingdom : Dikarya Department : Ascomycota mushrooms Subdivision : Real ascent mushrooms (Pezizomycotina) Class : Sordariomycetes Subclass : Hypocreomycetidae Order : Crust globular mushrooms
Scientific name
Hypocreales
Lindau

Trichoderma colonies

Wheat ear with ergot

The crust ball mushrooms (Hypocreales) are an order of the hose mushrooms . It includes plant and insect pathogens as well as mycoparasites, endophytes and saprobionts .

The fruiting bodies are perithecia of a soft structure and a light, conspicuous color. The asci are unitunicate and form between apical paraphyses , which often dissolve as they mature. The ascospores are colorless, their shape ranges from non-septate and round to one to multiple septate, ellipsoidal to thread-like.

Systematics

The order includes over 70 genera. The following families belong to it (with selected genera and species):

• Bionectriaceae with 26 genera: The species used to belong to the large genus Nectria and are mostly pale in color. Some species are used to control greenhouse pathogens.
• Ergot fungus relatives (Clavicipitaceae): form a wide range of secondary ingredients.
  • Balansia
  • Ergot mushrooms ( claviceps )
    • Purple-brown ergot fungus ( Claviceps purpurea )
  • Spindle mold ( Epichloe )
  • Hypocrella
  • Metarhician
  • Torrubiella
• Core club relatives (Cordycipitaceae)
  • Cordyceps
    • Pupa core club ( Cordyceps militaris )
• Ophiocordycipitaceae
  • Ophiocordyceps
    • Chinese caterpillar fungus ( Ophiocordyceps sinensis )
    • Ophiocordyceps unilateralis
• Crust ball mushroom relatives (Hypocreaceae) with 14 genera:
  • Hypomyces
    • Gold mold ( Hypomyces chrysospermus ), anamorphic Sepedonium chrysospermum
    • Hypomyces lactifluorum
    • Hypomyces lateritius
  • Crust ball mushrooms ( Hypocrea ), anamorphic Trichoderma
    • Leather yellow pustule ( Hypocrea alutacea )
  • Translucent lichen fungi ( Hypocreopsis )
    • Troll hand ( Hypocreopsis lichenoides )
• Pustel mushroom relatives (Nectriaceae) with 24 genera: mainly orange to red perithecia.
  • Gibberella
  • Neonectria
    • Neonectria radicicola
• Niessliaceae with 16 genera
• Stachybotryaceae
  • • Stachybotrys chartarum

swell

literature

• Ning Zhang, Lisa A. Castlebury, Andrew N. Miller, Sabine M. Huhndorf, Conrad L. Schoch, Keith A. Seifert, Amy Y. Rossman, Jack D. Rogers, Jan Kohlmeyer, Brigitte Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, Gi-Ho Sung : An overview of the systematics of the Sordariomycetes based on a four-gene phylogeny . In: Mycologia . tape 98 , no. 6 , 2006, p. 1076-1087 ( mycologia.org [PDF; 1.7 MB ]).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ H. Thorsten Lumbsch, Sabine M. Huhndorf: Outline of Ascomycota - 2007 . In: Myconet . tape 13 , 2007, ISSN  1403-1418 , pp. 1–58 ( fieldmuseum.org [PDF; 2.8 MB ]).
2. ↑ Crous PW, Shivas RG, Quaedvlieg W, van der Bank M, Zhang Y, Summerell BA, Guarro J, Wingfield MJ, Wood AR, Alfenas AC, Braun U, Cano-Lira JF, García D, Marin-Felix Y, Alvarado P, Andrade JP, Armengol J, Assefa A, den Breeÿen A, Camele I, Cheewangkoon R, De Souza JT, Duong TA, Esteve-Raventós F, Fournier J, Frisullo S, García-Jiménez J, Gardiennet A, Gené J, Hernández-Restrepo M, Hirooka Y, Hospenthal DR, King A, Lechat C, Lombard L, Mang SM, Marbach PAS, Marincowitz S, Marin-Felix Y, Montaño-Mata NJ, Moreno G, Perez CA, Pérez Sierra AM, Robertson JL, Roux J, Rubio E, Schumacher RK, Stchigel AM, Sutton DA, Tan YP, Thompson EH, van der Linde E, Walker AK, Walker DM, Wickes BL, Wong PTW, Groenewald JZ: Fungal Planet Description Sheets: 214– 280 . In: Persoonia . tape 32 , 2014, p. 184-306 , PMC 4150077 (free full text).

Web links

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