Hypomyces lactifluorum

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Hypomyces lactifluorum
2014-08-03 Hypomyces lactifluorum (Pig.) Tul. & C. Tul 440594.jpg

Hypomyces lactifluorum

Systematics
Class : Sordariomycetes
Subclass : Hypocreomycetidae
Order : Crust ball mushrooms (Hypocreales)
Family : Crustball relatives (Hypocreaceae)
Genre : Hypomyces
Type : Hypomyces lactifluorum
Scientific name
Hypomyces lactifluorum
( Pig. ) Tul. & C.Tul.

Hypomyces lactifluorum ( syn. Hypolyssus lactifluorum ) is a hose fungus from the family of the crust ball relatives (Hypocreaceae). In the English-speaking world, the deformed fruit bodies are also called lobster mushrooms because of their lobster-like color. They are considered a trading mushroom in North America.

features

Detail enlargement: The perithecia of Hypomyces lactifluorum stand out as darker points from the surrounding subiculum.

Macroscopic features

The fungus covers the fruiting bodies of the deaf and milk flukes with a mold-like hard coating and colors them from light orange to red-purple through the underlying hyphae , the subiculum . The regularly scattered perithecia can be seen as dark dots on the infected surface of the hat . The perithecia are egg to pear-shaped, are 400–600 x 200–450 micrometers in size and are usually darker in color than the surrounding subiculum.

Microscopic features

The long cylindrical tubes are on average 200–260 x 5–10 micrometers in size. The ascospores measure 35-50 x 4-5 micrometers. They are clearly warty, spindle-shaped and always two-celled. Both the perithecia and the subiculum are colored dark red to black-purple with potassium hydroxide .

ecology

Hypomyces lactifluorum only attacks white deafness from the Plorantes section , especially the narrow-leaved white deafness ( Russula chloroides , syn. R. brevipes ), and white milklings from the albati section such as the long-stemmed pepper milkling ( Lactarius piperatus ). However, some authors question this narrow host specificity.

distribution

It occurs exclusively in North America , namely in Canada in the provinces of Manitoba , New Brunswick , Nova Scotia , Ontario , Prince Edward Island and Québec , in the United States east of the Mississippi and in the states of Arizona , Colorado , Idaho , Iowa , Kansas , Missouri , New Mexico Oregon , Texas , Washington and North Dakota , in Mexico in the provinces of Chiapas , Chihuahua , Federal District , Durango , Guerrero , Hidalgo , Jalisco , Morelos , Nuevo León , Puebla and Veracruz and in Guatemala .

meaning

Food value

Chanterelles for sale (left) and lobster mushrooms (right)

Fungi infested by Hypomyces lactifluorum are valued as a market fungus, especially in Mexico but also in the USA. In the case of the narrow-leaved white deaf, the fruiting bodies of non-infested host mushrooms have only a moderate edible value and, in the case of the long-stemmed pepper-milkling, are even inedible without special preparation due to the hot milk. The infestation increases their taste and value considerably.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ MycoBank: Hypomyces lactifluorum (pig.) Tul. & C. Tul. 1860 . Fungal databases. Nomenclature and Species Banks. Online Taxonomic Novelties Submission. Retrieved October 6, 2011.
  2. ↑ a b c d Clark T. Rogerson, Gary J. Samuels: Agaricolous species of Hypomyces . In: Mycologia  86 (6). Mycological Society of America. 1994. Pages 839-866.
  3. ^ MycoBank: Russla brevipes Peck 1890 . Fungal databases. Nomenclature and Species Banks. Online Taxonomic Novelties Submission. Retrieved October 6, 2011.
  4. ↑ Michael Kuo: Hypomyces lactifluorum: The lobster mushroom . On: MushroomExpert.Com . January 2003.

Web links

Commons : Hypomyces lactifluorum  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files