Leather-yellow pustules
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Leather-yellow pustules |
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| Trichoderma alutaceum | ||||||||||||
| Jaklitsch |
The leathery yellow pustule ( Trichoderma alutaceum , syn. Hypocrea alutacea , Podostroma alutaceum ) is a tubular fungus from the order of the crust ball-like mushrooms (Hypocreales).
features
Macroscopic features
The fungus often forms several gregarious fruit bodies, which are formed from a 20 to 50 mm high club-shaped stroma , which is colored from golden yellow to coffee or linoleum brown. If the stem is visible, it is white to beige. The numerous perithecia are sunk in the upper part of the stroma. The openings of the perithecia, the ostioles, are darker than the surrounding stroma, making it appear dotted. The minor crop shape is greenish.
Microscopic features
The simply septate spores are hyaline and fine waxy. They disintegrate into round to wide ellipsoidal partial spores, with the distal partial spores measuring 2.7–3.7 × 2.5-3.5 μm, while the proximal partial spores measure 3–4 × 2.2–2.7 μm. The secondary crop forms green conidia .
Characteristics on culture media
The fungus forms a 3 cm colony on potato dextrose agar in 6 days with dense concentric circles with conidia and fluffy gray to pale green mycelium. As the colony ages, it becomes lighter on the edge and has a distinct, sweet odor. The conidia carriers are 35–72 mm long, the phialides appear individually or in whorls of 3 at the branch tips . They are bottle-shaped. The conidia are elongated to elliptical, smooth and green and measure (2.2–) 2.7 to 4.5 (–5.2) × (1–) 1.2–1.7 (–2) μm.
Similar species
Hypocrea alutacea is very similar to Hypocrea leucopus , with which the species has often been synonymous. However, the former grows on wood while the latter grows in the ground. Also, Hypocrea alutacea has green conidia, while the conidia of Hypocrea leucopus are hyaline . At first glance, it also has a certain resemblance to core lobes , which, however, have thready spores.
Ecology and diffusion
The leather yellow pustule grows in the coniferous forest mainly on rotten, often damp tree stumps and fallen branches, also on hardwood. It also grows on wood chips . It grows from late summer to autumn and is quite rare, so it is only known in a few locations in Germany. The species grows in Europe and North America.
Systematics
The leather yellow pustule was first described by Persoon in 1797 as Sphaeria alutacea . In 1863 it received its valid name from Cesati and De Notaris . George Francis Atkinson identified the species as Podostroma alutaceum as a type species in the genus Podostroma for species with a club-shaped fruiting body, but molecular biological analyzes showed that Podostroma is congeneric to Hypocrea .
swell
literature
- Svengunnar Ryman & Ingmar Holmåsen: mushrooms . Bernhard Thalacker Verlag, Braunschweig 1992. ISBN 3-8781-5043-1 , p. 664.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Mycobank, accessed October 9, 2015
- ↑ a b c d e Svengunnar Ryman & Ingmar Holmåsen: Mushrooms. Bernhard Thalacker Verlag, Braunschweig 1992, ISBN 3-8781-5043-1
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Chamberlain, HL, Rossman, AY, Stewart, EL, Ulvinen, T. Samuels, GJ 2004. The stipitate species of Hypocrea (Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae) including Podostroma. Karstenia 44: 1-24. On-line
- ↑ Priscila Chaverri and Gary J. Samuels, Hypocrea / Trichoderma (Ascomycota, Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae): species with green ascospores. Studies in Mycology 48: 1–116. Page 2 Online (PDF; 655 kB)
