Pustular relatives

Pustular relatives
	Red pustular mushroom ( Nectria cinnabarina )
Systematics
Department :	Ascomycota mushrooms
Subdivision :	Real ascent mushrooms (Pezizomycotina)
Class :	Sordariomycetes
Subclass :	Hypocreomycetidae
Order :	Crust ball mushrooms (Hypocreales)
Family :	Pustular relatives
Scientific name
	Nectriaceae
	Tul. & C. Tul.

The pustular fungus relatives ( Nectriaceae) are a family from the order of the crust ball fungus-like (Hypocreales). In addition to saprobiontic species, there are economically important plant parasites in this family.

features

As fruiting bodies, they form small spherical perithecia with membranous peridia . They are usually orange-red to purple in color; they change their color with potassium hydroxide or lactic acid . The opening of the perithecium ( ostiolum ) is covered by periphyses . The tubes are cylindrical and thin-walled, and often with a small apical ring. The ascospores are usually transversely septate , hyaline to yellow or light brown, sometimes also ornamented. The minor fruit form forms numerous hyphae , is hyaline or light colored, the conidia are very variable in shape, but often curved and can be formed in special structures, so-called sporodochia or synemmas . Lf

Ecology and diffusion

The pustular relatives usually live saprobionic or parasitic on various plant material, but can also be isolated from the soil. Among them are important plant pests that can cause various diseases such as Fusarium wilt . The family has a cosmopolitan spread.

Taxonomy

The Nectriaceae originally contained all Pyrenomycetes, i.e. those fungi that develop perithecia as fruiting bodies . It was not until 1999 that the Bionectriaceae were grouped together as a separate family due to their partly mycophagenous lifestyle, which is based on other fungi and also due to their molecular biological characteristics.

Selected genera

The Nectriaceae contain teleomorph and anamorph genera . The following (incomplete) table gives a rough indication of the affiliations of the generic representatives.

Teleomorph genus	Anamorphic genus
Albonectria	Fusarium
Allonectella
Calonectria	Cylindrocladium
Cosmospora	Acremonium
Cosmospora	Verticillium
Dialonectria Sessile Pustelpilz ( Dialonectria episphaeria )	Fusarium
Gibberella Gibberella zeae	Fusarium
Haematonectria	Fusarium
Pustel mushrooms ( Nectria ) Vermilion pustule ( Nectria cinnabarina ) Nectria galligena , tree cancer pathogen	Tubercularia
Neonectria Neonectria radicicola	Cylindrocarpon
Teleomorphs unknown	Fusarium Fusarium oxysporum

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literature

Paul F. Cannon, Paul M. Kirk: Fungal families of the world . CABI Europe, Wallingford, Oxfordshire (UK) 2007, ISBN 978-0-85199-827-5 , pp. 236 f . ( available online ).

Individual evidence

↑ David Brayford, Barry M. Honda, Feky R. Mantiri, Gary J. Samuels: Neonectria and Cylindrocarpon : the Nectria mammoidea group and species lacking microconidia . In: Mycologia . tape 96 , no. 3 , 2004, p. 572–597 ( PDF; 1.07 MB ).
↑ Amy Y. Rossman, Gary J. Samuels, Clark T. Rogerson, Rosalind Lowen: Genera of Bionectriaceae, Hypocreaceae and Nectriaceae (Hypocreales, Ascomycetes) . In: Studies in Mycology . tape 42 . Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Baarn (NL) 1999, ISBN 978-90-70351-38-0 , p. 1-248 .

Web links

Commons : Nectriaceae - collection of images, videos and audio files

[Brayford2004-1] David Brayford, Barry M. Honda, Feky R. Mantiri, Gary J. Samuels: Neonectria and Cylindrocarpon : the Nectria mammoidea group and species lacking microconidia . In: Mycologia . tape 96 , no. 3 , 2004, p. 572–597 ( PDF; 1.07 MB ).

[Rossman1999-2] Amy Y. Rossman, Gary J. Samuels, Clark T. Rogerson, Rosalind Lowen: Genera of Bionectriaceae, Hypocreaceae and Nectriaceae (Hypocreales, Ascomycetes) . In: Studies in Mycology . tape 42 . Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Baarn (NL) 1999, ISBN 978-90-70351-38-0 , p. 1-248 .