Dialonectria
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Perching pustular fungus ( Dialonectria episphaeria ) on the reddish coal berry ( Hypoxylon fragiforme ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Dialonectria | ||||||||||||
| ( Sacc. ) Cooke |
Dialonectria is a genus from the family of pustule relatives (Nectriaceae). Your anamorphic genus is Fusarium . The type species is seated Pustelpilz ( Dialonectria episphaeria ).
features
Teleomorphs
The perithecia are orange-red to carmine-red in color, pear-shaped and have a short, pointed or rounded papilla on the upper side. They are usually less than 200 µm high and their wall is smooth. In dry weather, they fall in from above or from the side. A stroma is normal or absent.
In KOH , the perithecia turn dark red.
The asci are cylindrical to narrowly club-shaped. They have an apical ring and eight uniseriate asco spurs . These are hyaline or pale brown in color and simply septate . Their surface is smooth or warty when ripe.
Anamorphic
The hyaline conidiophores consist initially of lateral phialides on somatic hyphae . The phialides are awl-shaped to slightly club-shaped and have a conidiogenic end. The microconidia are common, elliptical to clubbed, hyaline and unseptate. The macroconidia are not always present, subcylindrical, moderately curved and slightly tapered at the ends. They are hyaline, three to five times septate and mostly thin-walled. The apical cell is often slightly curved and has a more or less pointed end. The basal cell is hardly or not at all pedicellate. Chlamydospores are not known.
The colonies grow slowly on PDA . In 14 days they reach a diameter of 25 to 50 mm at room temperature. The surface is smooth and tinted white to orange. Aerial mycelium is sparsely formed.
ecology
The mushrooms usually grow on other ascomycota mushrooms on hardwood. The perithecia appear scattered and individually or in small groups.
Systematics
The genus Dialonectria contains the following species worldwide.
| German name | Scientific name | Author quote | Minor crop form |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perching pustule |
Dialonectria episphaeria ≡ Nectria episphaeria ≡ Cosmospora episphaeria |
(Death 1791) Cooke 1884 (death 1791) Fr 1849 (death 1791) Rossman & Samuels 1999 |
Fusarium episphaeria |
| Dialonectria ullevolea | Seifert & Graefenhan 2011 | Fusarium aquaeductuum var. Medium |
Taxonomy
Dialonectria initially existed as a subgenus of the pustular mushrooms ( Nectria ). The species were later added to the genus Cosmospora . Dialonectria as a separate genus is now very narrowly defined, so that it only contains the species around D. episphaeria . Most of the 45 or so other species that were ascribed to Dialonectria have now been combined or synonymous with other genera.
swell
- T. Graefenhan, H.-J. Schroers, HI Nirenberg, KA Seifert: An overview of the taxonomy, phylogeny and typification of nectriaceous fungi in Cosmospora , Acremonium , Fusarium , Stilbella , and Volutella . In: Amy Rossman, Keith Seifert: Phylogenetic revision of taxonomic concepts in the Hypocreales and other Ascomycota. A tribute to Gary J. Samuels. Studies in Mycology 68, 2011, pp. 79-113. ( PDF; 1.03 MB )
