Cosmospora
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Cosmospora is a genus from the family of pustule relatives (Nectriaceae). Their anamorphic genera are Verticillium and Acremonium . The type species is Cosmospora coccinea .
features
Teleomorphs
Stromata are normal or absent. The perithecia appear scattered or gregarious. They are pear-shaped and often have a pointed papilla. In dry weather, they fall in from above or from the side. They are orange-red or bright red in color and smooth. Usually they are 150 to 450 µm high.
In KOH , the perithecia turn dark red.
The asci are cylindrical to narrowly club-shaped. They have an apical ring and eight uniseriate or partially biseriate asco spurs . These are initially hyaline , but become yellow-brown to red-brown as they mature. You're just septate . Their surface is smooth at first and warty when ripe.
Anamorphic
The conidiophores are Acremonium -like. They are formed as lateral phialides on somatic hyphae , with one or two branching layers, or verticillate. You are hyaline . The phialides are cylindrical to awl- shaped, hyaline and each form a conidia . The microconidia are elliptical, narrowly elliptical, club-shaped or slightly allantoid, unseptate , hyaline and are formed in slimy heads. Macroconidia are absent. Chlamydospores are mostly absent, but are formed on some nutrient media.
The colonies grow slowly on PDA . In 14 days they reach a diameter of 15 to 25 mm at room temperature. The surface is powdery, felty, flaky or woolly and colored white, pale pink, ocher or olive green. The sporulation usually occurs frequently. Aerial mycelium is often formed.
ecology
The mushrooms usually grow on the fruiting bodies of other mushrooms such as tree sponges ( Fomitopsis ), coal berries ( Hypoxylon ), Schillerporlinge ( Inonotus ) or layer mushrooms ( Stereum ). Often, however, they can also be isolated from the ground.
Systematics
The genus Cosmospora contains the following species worldwide. Most representatives were combined from anamorphic genera into the genus Cosmospora . For the understanding of the genus, see also the section on taxonomy .
| Scientific name | Author quote | Minor crop form |
|---|---|---|
| Cosmospora arxii | (W. Gams 1971) Graefenhan & Schroers 2011 | Acremonium arxii |
| Cosmospora berkeleyana | (P. Karst. 1891) Graefenhan, Seifert & Schroers 2011 | Acremonium berkeleyanum |
| Cosmospora butyri | (JFH Beyma 1938) Gräfenhan, Seifert & Schroers 2011 | Acremonium butyri |
| Cosmospora coccinea | Rabenh. 1862 | Verticillium olivaceum |
| Cosmospora cymosa | (W. Gams 1971) Graefenhan & Seifert 2011 | Acremonium cymosum |
| Cosmospora khandalensis | (Thirum. & Sukapure 1966) Graefenhan & Seifert 2011 | Cephalosporium khandalense |
| Cosmospora lavitskiae | (Zhdanova 1966) Graefenhan & Seifert 2011 | Gliomastix lavitskiae |
| Cosmospora viridescens | (C. Booth 1959) Graefenhan & Seifert 2011 |
Taxonomy
Cosmospora consisted of about 65 species according to the broad genus concept according to Rossman. Phylogenetic studies have shown that this group consists of several lineages that are generally consistent with the different types of anamorphs. Therefore, new teleomorph genera were proposed for some lines , e.g. B. Nectricladiella with the anamorphic genus Cylindrocladiella and Chaetopsinectria with Chaetopsina . The genus Cosmospora is therefore now more clearly delimited by the type C. coccinea . Fusarium- like anamorphs can also be found in some lines .
swell
- T. Graefenhan, H.-J. Schroers, HI Nirenberg, KA Seifert: An overview of the taxonomy, phylogeny and typification of nectriaceous fungi in Cosmospora , Acremonium , Fusarium , Stilbella , and Volutella . In: Amy Rossman, Keith Seifert: Phylogenetic revision of taxonomic concepts in the Hypocreales and other Ascomycota. A tribute to Gary J. Samuels. Studies in Mycology 68, 2011, pp. 79-113. ( PDF; 1.03 MB )