Giovanna of Savoy
Giovanna Elisabetta Antonia Romana Maria von Savoyen (born November 13, 1907 in Rome , † February 26, 2000 in Estoril ), known in Bulgaria as Tsariza Joanna , was the wife of the Bulgarian Tsar Boris III.
Life
Princess Giovanna was the fourth child of King Victor Emmanuel III. of Italy and Queen Elena , born Princess of Montenegro . On October 25, 1930 she married the Bulgarian Tsar Boris III according to the Catholic rite . in Assisi in Umbria . After a boat trip from Brindisi , the couple ceremoniously disembarked in Burgas on October 30th and then married in an Orthodox ceremony in Sofia . As Tsarina Joanna, Giovanna of Savoy supported charities in the country, including the Bulgarian Red Cross. Boris III had succeeded his father Ferdinand I to the throne after his abdication on October 3, 1918. As a constitutional monarch he had little influence, but after 1930 he intervened more often in daily politics. In 1934 he supported the putsch by members of the military league and the small group " Sweno " and established an authoritarian regime. In August 1943 he died in Sofia under unknown circumstances.
After the death of Tsar Boris III. his six-year-old son Simeon II ascended the throne. A Regency Council was set up for him, consisting of Prince Kyrill, Prince von Preslaw (brother Boris III), Prime Minister Filow and Minister of War General Michow. Only a few days after Simeon's accession to the throne came the ominous proposal from Germany that Hitler should be appointed guardian of the underage king. After the Soviet troops marched in and the Communists came to power in 1945, the members of the Regency Council were sentenced to death and executed in February 1945. After a suitably managed referendum in 1946, the Bulgarians voted for the republic with 3.8 million against only 200,000. The royal family, accompanied by 10 members of the court , left Bulgaria for good on September 16, 1946 . Giovanna and her family initially settled in Egypt under very poor conditions. In 1951 she accepted an invitation from the Spanish dictator General Franco . The royal family went to Madrid, where they were given a house with Spanish servants and granted diplomatic status and full royal privileges. When the great fortune that her father Viktor Emanuel III. left by Italy, became free and could be paid off to the heirs, Giovanna received a seventh. This secured the financial future of the royal family. Later she took up residence in Estoril / Portugal. The Lady of Honor and Devotion of the Grand Cross of the sovereign Order of Malta lived there under the name "Madame la comtesse Giovanna Rilsky". Giovanna died on February 26, 2000 in exile in Portugal in Estoril at the age of 92.
progeny
From her marriage to Tsar Boris III. In January 1933 they had a daughter, Marie Louise, and in 1937 a son, heir to the throne Simeon .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Sonja Kechlibarewa: Бургас първи посреща царската двойка. Burgas is the first to receive the tsarist couple. (No longer available online.) Factor-bs.com, September 21, 2012, archived from the original on November 22, 2012 ; Retrieved October 10, 2012 (Bulgarian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ History - Bulgarian Red Cross. Retrieved November 4, 2017 (Bulgarian).
- ↑ Hans-Joachim Böttcher: Ferdinand von Sachsen-Coburg and Gotha 1861-1948 - A cosmopolitan on the Bulgarian throne . Eastern Europe Center Berlin - Verlag (Anthea Verlagsgruppe), Berlin 2019, ISBN 978-3-89998-296-1 , p. 379-380 u. a .
- ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt: ex-Queen of Bulgaria to visit in Hamburg. Majesty travels incognito. (No longer available online.) September 21, 1956, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; Retrieved April 7, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
- Giovanna in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely accessible)
| predecessor | Office | Successor |
|---|---|---|
| Eleonore Reuss zu Köstritz | Tsarina of Bulgaria 1930–1943 |
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| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Savoy, Giovanna of |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Savoy, Giovanna Elisabetta Antonia Romana Maria von (full name); Joanna, Zariza |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian princess, Bulgarian tsarina |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 13, 1907 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Rome |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 26, 2000 |
| Place of death | Estoril |