Giuseppe Averani
Giuseppe Averani , Latinized Josephus Averanus (born March 20, 1662 in Florence , † August 24, 1738 ibid) was an Italian lawyer and scientist.
Life
Averani studied law at the University of Pisa . There he was proposed by Lorenzo Magalotti and Francesco Redi for a chair in law, to which he was in 1685 by the Tuscan Grand Duke Cosimo III. de 'Medici was called.
Friedrich August I attended a lecture by Averanis in 1688 and 1713. Viktor Amadeus II tried unsuccessfully to call him to the University of Turin . As an auditor of the Florentine Rota, he advised the duke and ministers. The Roman Rota invoked him in several judgments. His circle of friends included Lorenzo Bellini , Giuseppe Del Papa and Guido Grandi .
Giuseppe Averani dealt with geography, philosophy, theology, astronomy and geometry, but above all with experimental physics . In the botanical garden of Pisa he made experiments with the Boyle vacuum pump and with electricity modeled on Francis Hauksbee . On behalf of the Grand Duke, he and Cipriano Targioni investigated the burning of precious stones with the help of a burning glass ; an experiment later mimicked by Humphry Davy . He wrote down his results in his posthumously published Lezioni Toscane . In it he also deals with the question of the nature and speed of light and sound. Under the guidance of Lorenzo Magalotti, he researched smells. He founded the Accademia degli Oppressi , a society for exchanging ideas on physics. With De Momentis corporum gravium inclinatis , Averani wrote an oath of Galileo Galilei at the suggestion of Vincenzo Viviani .
He was a member of the Accademia della Crusca (since 1697) and since 1712 of the Royal Society .
Works
- Disputatio de iure belli et pacis , 1703
- Interpretationes Iuris , Vol. I-II, Florence, 1713; Vol. III-V, Florence, 1740-1746
- De libertate Civitatis Florentiae eiusque Dominii , Pisa, 1721
- Oratio de Iurisprudentia, Medicina, Theologia , 1723
- Lezioni sopra la Passione di Gesù Cristo , Urbino, 1738
- Lezioni Toscane , 3 volumes, Florence, 1744–46
- Monumenta Latina , Florence, 1769
- Del vitto e delle cene degli antichi , Florence, 1863
literature
- Nicola Carranza: AVERANI, Giuseppe. In: Alberto M. Ghisalberti (Ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 4: Arconati-Bacaredda. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1962.
Web links
- Entry for Averani, Giuseppe (1662-1738) in the Archives of the Royal Society , London
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Nicola Carranza: Averani, Giuseppe . In: Dizionario biografico degli Italiani . Roma, Istituto della Enciclopedia italiana, Vol. 4 (1962) (Italian)
- ↑ a b Istituto e Museo di Storia della Scienza: Giuseppe Averani (Italian)
- ^ Istituto e Museo di Storia della Scienza: Lente (Italian)
- ↑ Member list of the Crusca
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Averani, Giuseppe |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Averanus, Josephus |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian lawyer and scientist |
DATE OF BIRTH | March 20, 1662 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Florence |
DATE OF DEATH | August 24, 1738 |
Place of death | Florence |