Giuseppe Averani

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Giuseppe Averani

Giuseppe Averani , Latinized Josephus Averanus (born March 20, 1662 in Florence , † August 24, 1738 ibid) was an Italian lawyer and scientist.

Life

Averani studied law at the University of Pisa . There he was proposed by Lorenzo Magalotti and Francesco Redi for a chair in law, to which he was in 1685 by the Tuscan Grand Duke Cosimo III. de 'Medici was called.

Friedrich August I attended a lecture by Averanis in 1688 and 1713. Viktor Amadeus II tried unsuccessfully to call him to the University of Turin . As an auditor of the Florentine Rota, he advised the duke and ministers. The Roman Rota invoked him in several judgments. His circle of friends included Lorenzo Bellini , Giuseppe Del Papa and Guido Grandi .

Robert Boyle experiments with a vacuum pump

Giuseppe Averani dealt with geography, philosophy, theology, astronomy and geometry, but above all with experimental physics . In the botanical garden of Pisa he made experiments with the Boyle vacuum pump and with electricity modeled on Francis Hauksbee . On behalf of the Grand Duke, he and Cipriano Targioni investigated the burning of precious stones with the help of a burning glass ; an experiment later mimicked by Humphry Davy . He wrote down his results in his posthumously published Lezioni Toscane . In it he also deals with the question of the nature and speed of light and sound. Under the guidance of Lorenzo Magalotti, he researched smells. He founded the Accademia degli Oppressi , a society for exchanging ideas on physics. With De Momentis corporum gravium inclinatis , Averani wrote an oath of Galileo Galilei at the suggestion of Vincenzo Viviani .

He was a member of the Accademia della Crusca (since 1697) and since 1712 of the Royal Society .

Works

  • Disputatio de iure belli et pacis , 1703
  • Interpretationes Iuris , Vol. I-II, Florence, 1713; Vol. III-V, Florence, 1740-1746
  • De libertate Civitatis Florentiae eiusque Dominii , Pisa, 1721
  • Oratio de Iurisprudentia, Medicina, Theologia , 1723
  • Lezioni sopra la Passione di Gesù Cristo , Urbino, 1738
  • Lezioni Toscane , 3 volumes, Florence, 1744–46
  • Monumenta Latina , Florence, 1769
  • Del vitto e delle cene degli antichi , Florence, 1863

literature

Web links

Commons : Giuseppe Averani  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Nicola Carranza: Averani, Giuseppe . In: Dizionario biografico degli Italiani . Roma, Istituto della Enciclopedia italiana, Vol. 4 (1962) (Italian)
  2. ↑ a b Istituto e Museo di Storia della Scienza: Giuseppe Averani (Italian)
  3. ^ Istituto e Museo di Storia della Scienza: Lente (Italian)
  4. ↑ Member list of the Crusca
personal data
SURNAME Averani, Giuseppe
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Averanus, Josephus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian lawyer and scientist
DATE OF BIRTH March 20, 1662
PLACE OF BIRTH Florence
DATE OF DEATH August 24, 1738
Place of death Florence