Parable of the wicked wine growers

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Depiction of the parable in an etching by Jan Luyken

The parable of the wicked vine gardeners is a parable of Jesus , which is handed down in the Gospels according to Matthew ( Mt 21,33–41  EU ), Mark ( Mk 12,1–9  EU ) and Luke ( Lk 20,9–16  EU ) . But also in the non-canonical Gospel of Thomas (EvThom), an apocryphal collection of 114 proverbs , which were presented as logia and short dialogues, the parable of the evil vine gardeners can be found .

text

The parable in the form handed down by Mark reads in the Luther translation (revised version from 1984):

“And he began to speak to them in parables: A man planted a vineyard and drew a fence around it and dug a winepress and built a tower and leased it to wine growers and went abroad. And when the time came he sent a servant to the vine-gardeners to get his share of the fruits of the vineyard from the vine-gardeners. But they took him, beat him and sent him away empty-handed. Again he sent another servant to them; They hit him on the head and reviled him. And he sent another, whom they killed; and many others: some they beat, others they killed. There he had another, his beloved son; He was the last one he sent to them and said to himself: They will shy away from my son. But they, the vine gardeners, said to one another, This is the inheritance; come, let's kill him, and the inheritance will be ours! And they took him and killed him and threw him outside the vineyard. What will the master of the vineyard do now? He will come and kill the vine gardeners and give the vineyard to others. "

- Mark 12: 1-9  EU

interpretation

The vineyard already serves as an image for the people of Israel in the Old Testament (cf. Isaiah 5.1  EU ). In his goodness, God always sends new servants (meaning the prophets ) to claim the reward for his grace (i.e. a life that corresponds to God's chosen people). However, these messengers were repeatedly rejected and in some cases even killed. This rejection culminates in the killing of the son. In it the suffering and death of Jesus is already indicated. This mission of the Son thus becomes the basis for a new covenant people who go beyond Israel.

literature

  • Lorenz Oberlinner : The parable of the vineyard tenants Mk 12.1 - 12 An example of the anti-Jewish attitude of the first Christian communities? Reprints from the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg ( PDF; 2.32 MB, 25 pages ) accessed at freidok.uni-freiburg.de, original article in Klaus Märker (publisher): Festschrift for Weddig Fricke on his 70th birthday. Freiburg: Alber, 2000, pp. 54-77
  • Georg Baudler : Jesus in the mirror of his parables. The narrative life work of Jesus - an approach to faith. Calwer / Kösel, Stuttgart / Munich, ISBN 3-7668-0804-4 , p. 125; 205-206

Web links

Commons : Parable of the Evil Winegrowers  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Compare EvThom 65 “He said: A good-natured man had a vineyard. He gave it to farmers so that they could work it and he might get the fruit from them. He sent his servant so that the peasants might give him the fruit of the vineyard. The peasants seized his servant, beat him, and they almost killed him. The servant went away and told his master. His master said: Perhaps they did not recognize him. He sent another servant and the peasants beat this one too. Now the Lord sent his son. He said: Perhaps they will respect my son. These farmers, when they found out he was the heir to the vineyard, grabbed him and killed him. He who has ears hears. ” The parables in the Gospel of Thomas (NHC II, 2) 1, from: Synopsis Quattuor Evangeliorum , ed. K. Aland, Stuttgart 1996, 517-546. [1]
  2. ↑ Stuttgart Explanatory Bible. ISBN 3-438-01121-2 , 2nd edition 1992, German Bible Society Stuttgart , pp. 1245f