Green puffer fish
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Green puffer fish ( Dichotomyctere nigroviridis ) |
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| Dichotomyctere nigroviridis | ||||||||||||
| ( de Procé , 1822) |
The green puffer fish ( Dichotomyctere nigroviridis , synonym: Tetraodon nigroviridis ) is a representative of the puffer fish that is found in coastal freshwater and brackish water habitats from Sri Lanka to Southeast Asia .
features
The green puffer fish is a maximum of 17 cm long. It has the typical clumsy shape of all puffer fish. The head and trunk are covered with tiny, dense spines, which in rare cases can be completely absent and straighten up when inflated. It is quite variable in color and drawing. The back and sides are yellow-green to emerald green and densely covered with large, brown to black, round spots. They are often outlined in light colors and can merge into beam-like structures on the back. The belly is white, gray or yellowish in older fish and only occasionally spotted. There are two forked short tentacles on the nostrils. The green puffer fish is easily confused with Dichotomyctere fluviatilis and was also described as green puffer fish in older aquarium books under this name. A sure differentiator is the eye color, which is yellow in Dichotomyctere nigroviridis and red in Dichotomyctere fluviatilis .
- Fin formula : dorsal 12–16, anal 11–15, pectoral 17–22.
Way of life
Green puffer fish feed on molluscs , crustaceans , other invertebrates, and plant material. They spawn in brackish water. The female attaches the eggs to stones. They are guarded by the male until the fry hatch.
Aquaristics
The green puffer fish is one of the most imported puffer fish kept in aquariums. It is mostly kept in fresh water and used to combat snail plagues. It can be intolerant to other fish and develop into a fin bite. Keeping them in a large brackish water aquarium is appropriate to the species. The fish need hard-shelled food in order to grind their teeth.
Karyotype and genome
The genetic information of D. nigroviridis is in the cell nucleus in 21 chromosomes and in the nucleus of the mitochondria . The genome was first fully analyzed in 2004; it consists of 340 million base pairs and an estimated 28,000 genes . It is thus the smallest known genome of a vertebrate . The green puffer fish is therefore a genetic model organism .
literature
- Neale Monks: Brackish Water Fishes. TFH 2006, ISBN 0793805643 .
- Günther Sterba (Ed.), Gert Brückner: Encyclopedia of Aquaristics and Special Ichthyology. Neumann-Neudamm, Melsungen u. a. 1978, ISBN 3-7888-0252-9 .
- Helmut Stallknecht : Live-bearing toothcarps . Neumann Verlag, 1989, ISBN 3-7402-0055-3 .
- Marion de Procé: Sur plusieurs espèces nouvelles de poissons et de crustacés observées dans un voyage de France à Manille. In: Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris Sci. 1822: 129-134. [Apparently also as J. Phys. Paris, v. 95: 235-240.] (First description)
Individual evidence
- ↑ See also Manfred Klinkhardt: Tetraodon fluviatilis (Hamilton, 1822). Green puffer fish. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. 2 volumes, Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , volume 2, p. 932.
- ^ NCBI entry Genome Project
- ↑ Integr8 entry
- ↑ Jaillon O, Aury J, Brunet F et al. : Genome duplication in the teleost fish Tetraodon nigroviridis reveals the early vertebrate proto-karyotype . In: Nature . 431, No. 7011, 2004, pp. 946-57. doi : 10.1038 / nature03025 . PMID 15496914 .
Web links
- Green Pufferfish on Fishbase.org (English)