Grete Mostny

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Grete Mostny

Grete Mostny Glaser (born  September 17, 1914 in Linz , Austria; †  December 15, 1991 in Santiago de Chile ) was an Austrian-Chilean archaeologist.

Life

Grete Mostny Glaser, nee Margarete Mostny, was the daughter of Paul Mostny (* 1887 - 23 May 1929) and Julie / Juliana Mostny, nee Glaser (* 14 February 1894). Her younger brother's name was Kurt (born March 3, 1919, Linz; † March 29, 2010, San Mateo, California). Her Jewish family came to Linz- Urfahr from Kaladey in Bohemia in the middle of the 19th century and set up a spirits factory. The companies of the five Mostny brothers were considered the largest “Jewish company” in Linz.

From 1924 to 1933 Grete Mostny attended the girls' secondary school in Linz, where she graduated on June 24, 1933 with the final exam. For the winter semester 1933/34 she enrolled in the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Vienna . She took lectures in Egyptology , African studies , prehistory and languages. In December 1937 she completed her dissertation "The clothes of the Egyptian women in the old Reich" with Wilhelm Czermak . In March 1938, a few days before she was supposed to take the Rigorosum , Austria was annexed and the persecution of the Jews began. With an approved dissertation but without an academic degree, she was excluded from the university. She had to hide. The mother fled to Czechoslovakia. The Mostny family's property was expropriated in May 1938. Grete Mostny continued her doctoral studies at the Free University of Brussels , where she was awarded a doctorate in oriental philology and history in 1939. She went to Cairo, and took part in excavations in Luxor .

In 1939 Grete Mostny managed to emigrate to Chile with her widowed mother and brother Kurt. In the same year she became an assistant at the anthropology department of the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural in Santiago de Chile. In 1943 she became the head of this department. In 1946 she became a Chilean citizen. From 1948 she taught at the Universidad de Chile . From October 1964 to 1982 she was director of the museum.

She did important archaeological research across Chile. It is thanks to their commitment that the boy from El Plomo , the permafrost corpse of an Inca child's victim, excavated by looters in 1954 , was acquired by the museum and scientifically examined. She founded the Feria Científica Nacional Juvenil , a youth competition in the natural sciences and technology. The winners of the competition will be awarded the Grete Mostny Prize.

In June 2016 she was honored with a bust in the arcade courtyard of the University of Vienna .

Publications (selection)

  • Peine, un pueblo atacameño. In: Publicación N ° 4 del Instituto de Geografía de la Facultad de Filosofía de la Universidad de Chile 1954. pp. 1–113. ( PDF )
  • (Ed.): La Momia del Cerro El Plomo. In: Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural. Volume XXVII, No. 1. Santiago de Chile 1957. ( PDF )
  • Prehistoria de Chile . Ed. Universitaria, Santiago de Chile 1971. 5th edition 1980.
  • with Hans Niemeyer Fernandez: Arte rupestre chileno . Departamento de Exténsion Cultural del Ministerio de Educación, Santiago de Chile 1983.

literature

  • Carlos Aldunate, Eliana Durán: Homenaje a Grete Mostny . In: Chungará 22, 1989, pp. 8-11 ( PDF ).
  • Katharina Kniefacz, Herbert Posch: Grete (Margarete) Mostny (Mostny Glaser) . In: University of Vienna (ed.): Memorial book for the victims of National Socialism at the University of Vienna in 1938 . ( online , accessed August 3, 2015).
  • Helga Kostka, Robert Kostka: Grete Mostny and the mummy from Cerro el Plomo . In: Robert Kostka (Ed.): Aconcagua and the Andes to the Tropic of Capricorn . Weishaupt, Gnas 2006, ISBN 3-7059-0229-6 , pp. 133-138.
  • Francisco Mouat: Grete Mostny 1914–1991. Breve Biografía de la Dra. Grete Mostny . Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago de Chile 2008 ( PDF ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.avotaynu.com/holocaustlist/m.mt.htm
  2. ↑ a b Katharina Kniefacz, Herbert Posch: Grete (Margarete) Mostny (Mostny Glaser) . In: University of Vienna (ed.): Memorial book for the victims of National Socialism at the University of Vienna in 1938 . ( online [accessed March 30, 2015]).
  3. ↑ a b c Francisco Mouat: Grete Mostny 1914–1991 . Breve Biografía de la Dra. Grete Mostny. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago de Chile 2008 ( online [PDF; accessed March 30, 2015]).
  4. ^ Daniela Ellmauer, Michael John, Regina Thumser: "Aryanizations," confiscated assets, provisions and compensation in Upper Austria . Oldenbourg, Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-486-56779-9 , p. 160-161 .
  5. ↑ Michael John: "Already today completely free of Jews ..." The Jewish population of Linz and National Socialism . In: Fritz, Mayrhofer, Walter Schuster (Ed.): National Socialism in Linz . Linz 2001, pp. 1311–1406 online excerpt .
  6. ↑ orf.at - Seven women's monuments for the University of Vienna . Article dated October 28, 2015, accessed October 28, 2015.
  7. ↑ derStandard.at - Arkadenhof of the University of Vienna now also houses women's monuments . Article dated June 30, 2016, accessed July 1, 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Mostny, Grete
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mostny Glaser, Grete; Mostny, Margarete
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian-Chilean archaeologist
DATE OF BIRTH September 17, 1914
PLACE OF BIRTH Linz
DATE OF DEATH December 15, 1991
Place of death Santiago de Chile