Great stone graves near Nielitz

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Great stone graves near Nielitz
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Great stone graves near Nielitz (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
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Coordinates Nielitz 1 coordinates: 54 ° 1 ′ 42.1 ″  N , 13 ° 5 ′ 28.9 ″  E , Nielitz 2 , Nielitz 3 , Nielitz 4 , Nielitz 5 , Nielitz 6
place Loitz , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Germany
Emergence 3500 to 2800 BC Chr.
Sprockhoff no. 517-522

The megalithic graves near Nielitz were six megalithic tombs of the Neolithic funnel cup culture near Nielitz , a district of Loitz in the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald ( Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ). They have the Sprockhoff numbers 517-522. All systems are large dolmen . Today only graves 3, 5 and 6 are preserved, the remaining facilities have been destroyed. One grave was examined archaeologically in 1976 .

location

All graves were located in a field just over 1 km north of Nielitz. Graves 1 to 5 formed a group. Tomb 1 was the easternmost. Graves 4 and 5 were located 60 m and 120 m west of this, grave 2 60 m south-southwest and grave 3 90 m south-west. Grave 6 is located 700 m east of this group.

The Nielitz grounds are part of a larger group of megalithic tombs that stretch southwest of Greifswald between Dargelin in the east and Düvier in the west. The closest preserved structures are the megalithic graves 3 km to the east in the Poggendorf forest .

Research history

The existence of the graves was recorded by hand in the 1820s by Friedrich von Hagenow . His notes, which were intended to record the entire inventory of the megalithic graves on Rügen and in New Western Pomerania , were published by Rudolf Baier in 1904 . The systems at Nielitz were only included in a list. Von Hagenow only recorded five complexes, the sixth grave, a little further away, had escaped him. In April 1933 Ernst Sprockhoff took up the graves for his old glass of megalite graves in Germany . In 1972 Ewald Schuldt kept all the graves as preserved. In 1976, Erika Nagel carried out an excavation on one of the graves . In 1991 Hans-Jürgen Beier listed only three surviving graves.

description

Preserved graves

Grave 3

Grave 3 is a north-east-south-west oriented burial chamber , which was originally encased by a rolling stone mound. There are three large stones on the hill, and it is unclear whether they are overturned wall stones or cap stones.

Grave 5

Grave 5 has a north-east-south-west oriented burial chamber, originally encased by an elongated stone mound. Two wall stones on the north-western and one on the south-eastern long side are almost preserved in situ . Next to the south-east there is another stone, which is either a capstone or a capstone.

Grave 6

Grave 6 has a small north-south oriented burial chamber, which was originally encased by a rolling stone mound. There are three wall stones on the eastern long side, one wall stone on the western long side, the northern end stone and two cap stones.

Destroyed graves

Grave 1

Grave 1 had a north-south oriented burial chamber that was originally encased by a rolling stone mound. In 1933, Ernst Sprockhoff was able to open a wall stone and a capstone, both of which were in situ. He assumed the original condition was a chamber with three or four pairs of wall stones on the long sides and a corresponding number of cap stones.

Grave 2

Only a pile of disordered stones was found from grave 2. A reconstruction of the original appearance is no longer possible.

Grave 4

Grave 4 had a north-east-south-west oriented burial chamber, originally encased by a rolling stone mound. The mound was 7 m in diameter. Sprockhoff found six stones left. The northwestern one should have been the capstone. It was damaged by explosions but was still in situ. On the north-western long side there were three stones, two of which were wall stones in situ. The middle stone was either another wall stone or a reading stone. The address of a stone as a south-western end stone and a dragged wall stone on the southeast side is uncertain.

literature

  • Rudolf Baier (Ed.): Prehistoric graves on Rügen and in New Western Pomerania. Friedrich von Hagenow's notes from the papers he left behind. Abel, Greifswald 1904, p. 18.
  • Hans-Jürgen Beier : The megalithic, submegalithic and pseudomegalithic buildings as well as the menhirs between the Baltic Sea and the Thuringian Forest. Contributions to the prehistory and early history of Central Europe 1. Wilkau-Haßlau 1991, p. 25.
  • Erika Nagel : The large dolmen of Nielitz, Demmin district. In: Ground monument maintenance in Mecklenburg. Yearbook 1976. 1977, pp. 7-21.
  • Ewald Schuldt : The Mecklenburg megalithic graves. Research on their architecture and function. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1972, p. 132.
  • Ernst Sprockhoff : Atlas of the megalithic tombs of Germany. Part 2: Mecklenburg - Brandenburg - Pomerania. Rudolf-Habelt Verlag, Bonn 1967, p. 77.

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