Grzegorz Gerwazy Gorczycki

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Grzegorz Gorczycki

Grzegorz Gerwazy Gorczycki, also Gregor (ius) Gervasius Gorczycki ( * between 1664 and 1667 in Rozbark near Bytom ; † April 30, 1734 in Krakow ) was a Polish composer . He is known as the "Polish Handel ".

Life

In the Acta Capitularia (Cracow) it is called Gorczyca; The first names in their own signatures are Gregorius Gervasius, while Georgius is found on the tombstone and the middle name is wrongly read as Gabriel. According to the latest research, his date of birth falls in 1667 at the latest. His parents, Adam and Anna Gorczyca, were free farmers and owned the largest estate in the village of Rossberg, which belongs to the city of Bytom. He probably received his initial training at the local church school, and in 1678 he enrolled at Prague University , where he studied fine arts and philosophy. He stayed here until around 1683. It was there that he probably received his musical training. For the next seven years he lived in Vienna , where he studied theology and obtained a licentiate in theology. From 1689 (or a year later) to the spring of 1692 he stayed at the spiritual seminary in Cracow , where he was also ordained four priests . During this time he changed his name from Gorczyca to Gorczycki (the name "Gorczyca" appears in the files sporadically until 1695).

During the next two years Gorczycki was sent to the Academia Chelminska in Pomerania as a teacher , where he taught rhetoric and poetry and led the chapel there. After two years he returned to Krakow and became vicar in 1694 , member of the chapel at Wawel Cathedral in 1696 and its conductor from 1698: Magister Capellae Ecclesiae Cathedralis Cracoviensis as successor to Sebastian Jaroszewicz .

Gorczycki remained in this position until his death. In 1702 he also became senior of the Angelist Chapel in Wawel Cathedral, received the title of collegiate canon in Skalbmierz in 1705 and, before 1727, was probably provost of one of the Krakow churches, where he made special contributions to the poor relief in Krakow. Finally, in 1728, he received the title of examiner in the spiritual seminary, probably in the field of theory and practice of Gregorian chant . He was the 15th director of the College of Rorantists. During the coronation celebrations for August III. , Elector of Saxony and King of Poland and Marie Josephine on January 17, 1734, he fell seriously ill and died a few months later.

Works

Gorczycki was mainly a composer of church music , all of his works remained unprinted throughout his life. They are very popular in Poland, especially the motets, the formal structure of which is closer to the sacred concert .

Works in the style of Antico (prima prattica)

Gorczycki's works in the Antico style are a cappella compositions (sometimes with basso continuo ): masses , motets , songs, and arrangements for parts of the mass such as introit , antiphon , offertory and hymns . They show Gorczycki's mastery in counterpoint and adhere closely to Palestrina's polyphonic style . He used to base the movement on a cantus firmus in long note values ​​and counterpointed it with livelier lines. Gorczycki often deceptively imitates the style of the 16th century.

  • Tota pulchra es Maria for SATB
  • Missa paschalis for SATB
  • Sepulto Domino for TTBB
  • Omni die dic Mariae for SATB
  • Missa Rorate for solos and chamber orchestra
  • Dignare me laudare te for SATB
  • Ave Maria for SATB

Works in the style Moderno (seconda prattica)

This style was more popular at the time than the Renaissance style of his a cappella works. These works are composed for choir and baroque orchestra.

The most famous works are:

  • Illuxit sol iustitia for 5-part. Choir, two violins, viola, two cellos and organ
  • Completorium for 4-part. Choir, two violins, two trumpets and organ
  • Laetatus sum for 4-part. Choir, two violins, two trumpets and organ
  • Litaniae De Providentia Divina for 5-part. Choir, solos and orchestra
  • Conductus funebris
  • In virtute Tua for 4-part. Choir, two violins and organ

Instrumental works

It is known that Gorczycki wrote instrumental works. In 1962 proof of a ball polonaise was found , even if only one violin part has survived. It is also proven that the Wieluń Orchestra had Gorczycki's Overture in D in its repertoire.

literature

  • Zygmunt M. Szweykowski: Gorczycki. W: Elżbieta Dziębowska: Encyklopedia muzyczna PWM . T. 3: efg część biograficzna. Kraków: Polskie Wydawnictwo Muzyczne, 1987, pp. 395-400. ISBN 83-224-0344-5

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Uniwersytet Warszawski Instytut Muzykologii: Studia Hieronymo Feicht septuagenario dedicata . Palskie Wydawnictwo Muzyczne, 1964 ( google.de [accessed on November 11, 2017] "Anno 1695 the 30 July: Ego Gregorius Gervasius Gorczycki Eccl [esi] ae Cathedr. Grac: Yicarius").
personal data
SURNAME Gorczycki, Grzegorz Gerwazy
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish Baroque composer
DATE OF BIRTH between 1664 and 1667
PLACE OF BIRTH Rossberg near Beuthen
DATE OF DEATH April 30, 1734
Place of death Krakow