Guanylate cyclase-C

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Receptor of heat-stable enterotoxins
other names
  • STA receptor (hSTAR)
  • Guanylyl Cyclase C (GC-C)
  • Intestinal guanylate cyclase
Properties of human protein
Mass / length primary structure 1050 amino acids
Secondary to quaternary structure Membrane receptor
Identifier
Gene name GUCY2C
External IDs
Enzyme classification
EC, category 4.6.1.2 lyase
Substrate GTP
Products 3 ', 5'-cGMP + diphosphate
Orthologue
human House mouse
Entrez 2984 14917
Ensemble ENSG00000070019 ENSMUSG00000042638
UniProt P25092 Q3UWA6
Refseq (mRNA) NM_004963 NM_001127318
Refseq (protein) NP_004954 NP_001120790
Gene locus Chr 12: 14.61 - 14.7 Mb Chr 6: 136.7 - 136.78 Mb
PubMed search 2984 14917

Guanylate cyclase-C ( GC-C , also: hSTAR ) is the protein in the cell membrane of intestinal cells that functions on the outside of the membrane as a receptor for the two peptide hormones guanyline and uroguanyline . In the case of such a bond the fitting to the membrane inner side is enzyme - domain activated. It catalyzes the biosynthesis of cGMP from GTP , whereupon cGMP triggers a signal cascade inside the cell , which leads to increased excretion of water and chloride from the cell. GC-C is thus significantly involved in the regulation of the fluid and electrolyte balance . In addition, the heat-stable enterotoxins (STa) of E. coli bind to the receptor and lead to uncontrolled excretion and thus diarrhea.

The GC-C receptor consists of three subunits, also called domains :

  • the extracellular ligand binding domain, consisting of approximately 410 amino acids
  • a transmembrane domain of about 25 residues and
  • an intracellular domain of approximately 620 amino acids.

Individual evidence

  1. guanylate cyclase-C.  In: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man . (English).
  2. ^ LR Forte, RH Freeman, WJ Krause, RM London: Guanylin peptides: cyclic GMP signaling mechanisms . Braz: J. Med. Biol. Res., 32, 1999, pp. 1329-1336.