GuttenPlag Wiki

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Graphic representation of the pages in Guttenberg's doctoral thesis that contain plagiarism according to Guttenplag-Wiki (as of April 3, 2011)

The GuttenPlag Wiki is an open wiki founded on February 17, 2011 , whose employees plagiarism - the adoption of text passages and quotations from other works without citing sources - in the dissertation Constitution and Constitutional Treaty of the CSU politician Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg and in other of his publications document. This work played a major role in the course of the Guttenberg plagiarism affair and contributed to his resignation from his political offices on March 1, 2011. The wiki's motto is E pluribus unum .

founding

Guttenberg finished his dissertation at the University of Bayreuth in 2007 and published it in 2009. While preparing a critical review , constitutional lawyer Andreas Fischer-Lescano discovered 24 plagiarism posts and made them public. The Süddeutsche Zeitung reported on this on February 16, 2011; on the same day, journalists from other newspapers found further plagiarism in the work.

According to his statement, the Salzburg media scientist Stefan Weber provided an initial suggestion for a joint search for plagiarism on the Internet . The founder of the GuttenPlag Wiki is unknown; he calls himself “PlagDoc” there.

On the evening of February 16, 2011, he created a Google Docs text document that was publicly released for editing and called for cooperation via Twitter . Since the Google document was quickly overloaded due to the large number of hits, the initiator copied the data available up to that point into a wiki from the provider Wikia .

Goals and method

GuttenPlag Wiki collected sources for unoccupied text passages from other authors in Guttenberg's doctoral thesis and documented their literal correspondences as well as minor or major deviations. The aim is not to discredit Guttenberg, but to secure the scientific integrity of academic doctoral degrees in Germany. The project has no "political orientation".

The participants first collected possible references for plagiarism in Guttenberg's work and subdivided them into pages. From February 20, 2011, the references were transferred into a fragmented structure and classified into plagiarism categories.

First interim report

Within a few days at GuttenPlag Wiki, volunteers found references to possible plagiarism on 270 pages of the dissertation. On February 21, 2011 the GuttenPlag Wiki published a first interim report on the procedure, results, evaluations and the planned further procedure. According to this, Guttenberg consciously and not only accidentally used third-party sources to a considerable extent without labeling them. His dissertation consists of at least 21.5% plagiarism.

Follow-up events

The plagiarism finds, which were widely noticed in the media, had already led to a political affair , the so-called "plagiarism affair". On the evening of February 21, 2011 Guttenberg declared at a CDU election campaign event that from now on he would no longer hold his doctorate permanently. On February 23, 2011, he faced criticism from members of parliament in the German Bundestag . In the regular question time he described the GuttenPlag Wiki as a “remarkable site”: Some of the “allegations” raised there were “highly relevant” because they enabled or forced his decision to return the doctorate; To mark other passages in the text as plagiarism is "extremely questionable". In the current hour of the same day, under the additional agenda item "The statement of the Federal Minister [...] Guttenberg [...] as well as alleged text adoption findings according to Guttenplag-Wiki on 270 pages of the dissertation [...]" again with the plagiarism allegations against Guttenberg, the the GuttenPlag Wiki had supported by then. University President Rüdiger Bormann announced on the same day that the University of Bayreuth had revoked Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg's doctorate .

Following a suggestion in the GuttenPlag Wiki on February 17, 2011, some commentators created the independent wiki PlagiPedia by February 24 , in order to examine further publicly accessible doctoral theses for possible plagiarism.

Plagiarism in Guttenberg essay from 2004

On February 25, 2011 the GuttenPlag Wiki announced that another work by Guttenberg from 2004 for the CSU-affiliated Hanns Seidel Foundation entitled Relations between Turkey and the EU contained passages that were almost unchanged and without quotation a strategy paper of the European Commission dated November 5, 2003.

Second interim report

After Guttenberg's resignation on March 1, 2011, the GuttenPlag Wiki criticized the fact that in his declaration of resignation he “had not found any clear words about the apparent intent to deceive and the authorship of the dissertation”. The authors confirmed that their goal was not to resign, but to clarify how the plagiarism came about, and announced a final report.

In a second interim report from the same day, the operators found that plagiarism had been found on 82 percent of all pages of the dissertation and at least 49 percent of all lines of the entire text had been plagiarized. The authors affirmed that because of this scope, conscious or even deliberate, not just "accidental" plagiarism can be assumed.

A commission set up by the University of Bayreuth on February 16, 2011 examined the plagiarism allegations and came to the conclusion by May 5, 2011 that Guttenberg had deliberately, continuously and grossly deceived in his doctoral thesis. The commission and the media reported that they also relied on the work of the GuttenPlag Wiki.

Media impact

Many print media commented positively on the quick collection of plagiarism through the cooperation of many voluntary and mostly anonymous authors in the Guttenplag Wiki. The Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung described it as "probably the [most famous] Internet community of these days" and the Spiegel as a "prime example of the power of the masses". The Tagesspiegel saw the Guttenplag-Wiki as an example of crowdsourcing , with which the “journalistic monopoly on research” had ceased; For journalists, such wikis are rather an “important source”, which they still have to “evaluate, evaluate and accurately describe”. The media scientist Robin Meyer-Lucht also said that in this case a “join-in research network [...] outperformed the main research media ”. Other media reported in this regard on the potential of " swarm intelligence " on the Internet .

After Guttenberg's resignation on March 1, 2011, Spiegel Online commented under the headline Netz defeated Minister that “without the meticulous documentation of the plagiarism in the GuttenPlag Wiki, the debate would have petered out”. This shows the increased power of the internet:

“The debate about Guttenberg would have been different if this new power hadn't done what it does best: create transparency, make information available, optimize communication. Probably the decisive factor in the struggle for Guttenberg's office was the obviousness of his misconduct: If all the hardworking helpers in the GuttenPlag Wiki had not clearly documented what the doctoral student Guttenberg copied where - the discussion would have been different. [...] They meticulously demonstrated which lines of the dissertation came from where, including the correct source. They let the facts speak for themselves. "

- Christian Stocker

This had prevented a "usual procrastination strategy" and probably also induced Guttenberg's doctoral supervisor , constitutional lawyer Peter Häberle , his successor Oliver Lepsius and tens of thousands of German doctoral students and professors to publicly reject Guttenberg's claim that he had not deliberately plagiarized.

For the journalist Christiane Schulzki-Haddouti Guttenberg “would not have had to resign without this Wiki […].” The network activist Markus Beckedahl saw this as an overestimation of himself and emphasized that without traditional media the resignation would not have happened. The Internet can help them control the state, government and administration. A study by TU Dortmund , based on the results of an online survey on the platform, came to the conclusion that most visitors became aware of the Guttenplag wiki through traditional journalistic providers and that only a small group of core authors looked intensively dealt with the actual plagiarism search.

The GuttenPlag Wiki became a model for further research into dissertations, for example the work of Saif al-Islam al-Gaddafi , Edmund Stoiber's daughter Veronica Saß and the politicians Silvana Koch-Mehrin , Matthias Pröfrock and Johannes Hahn .

Grimme Online Award

On May 11, 2011 the GuttenPlag Wiki was nominated for the Grimme Online Award 2011. On June 22nd, it received the award as one of eight 2011 winners out of 26 candidates. The jury justified this with the fact that the GuttenPlag Wiki quickly created verifiable clarity about plagiarism in Guttenberg's work by comparing them with the original documents and continuously updating the findings:

“The fair and unbiased way of working of the wiki administrators is outstanding. They steered the onslaught of employees into constructive channels and gave readers a sober overview of the findings. The public statements made by Minister Guttenberg on his work were thus compared with verifiable facts for everyone. Not only the project idea of ​​the initiators was remarkable, but also the hundreds of web users who found new passages online and offline that were used in the dissertation without citing the source. The project makes it clear that text comparisons can be organized collaboratively and what possibilities the web generally offers for collaborative work. "

- Grimme Online Award, 2011 winners: Jury's statement

GuttenPlag Wiki as a basis for scientific research

References to the project as such and to its results can be found in several scientific publications: The GuttenPlag Wiki was analyzed as a case study for the influence of digital communities on contemporary social processes. The results of the project are used as a benchmark for evaluating existing plagiarism detection systems as well as novel, citation-based detection methods.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Online version , accessed on February 14, 2019.
  2. ↑ Roland Preuss, Tanjev Schultz: Plagiarism allegation against Defense Minister - Guttenberg is said to have copied off his doctoral thesis , Süddeutsche Zeitung of February 16, 2011.
  3. ↑ Deutschlandfunk, February 18, 2011: “The Internet strikes back”. Media scientist Stefan Weber describes the search for plagiarism
  4. ↑ GuttenPlag Wiki: FAQ Who are the people behind the Wiki? Who's in charge?
  5. ^ Twitter message from "PlagDoc" from February 16, 2010, accessed on February 22, 2011
  6. ↑ GuttenPlag Wiki: In the network of plagiarism hunters . In: Spiegel Online , February 19, 2011. 
  7. ↑ GuttenPlag Wiki . February 18, 2011. Retrieved February 19, 2011.
  8. ↑ Documenting fragments . In: GuttenPlag Wiki . February 20, 2011. Retrieved February 23, 2011.
  9. ↑ Plagiarism graphic.jpg . In: GuttenPlag Wiki . February 20, 2011. Retrieved February 20, 2011.
  10. ↑ Interim report / assessment . In: GuttenPlag Wiki . February 21, 2011. Retrieved February 21, 2011.
  11. ^ Badische Zeitung (online) , accessed on March 4, 2011
  12. ↑ Sebastian Fischer and Matthias Gebauer: Plagiarism allegations: Guttenberg exchanges doctor for career . In: Spiegel Online , February 22, 2011. 
  13. ↑ plenary 17/92: Stenographic Record for the 92nd session of the 17th German Bundestag on 23 February 2011 in Berlin, S. III, pp 10379-10397; accessed on March 4, 2011 ( PDF file; 840 kB).
  14. ↑ Plagiarism affair: Uni Bayreuth revokes Guttenberg's doctorate . In: Spiegel Online , February 23, 2011. Accessed February 27, 2011. 
  15. ↑ Forum: PlagiPedia . In: GuttenPlat Wiki . Retrieved February 27, 2011 .; PlagiPedi Wiki , accessed March 31, 2011; Matthias Kremp: Plagiapedia Wiki: Plagiarism hunters are looking for the next culprit . In: Spiegel Online , February 25, 2011. 
  16. ↑ Second Guttenberg work under suspicion . In: Spiegel ONLINE , February 25, 2011. 
  17. ↑ Guttenplag-Wiki , accessed on March 1, 2011; Der Spiegel, March 2, 2011: Online approval: Facebook fans want Guttenberg back
  18. ^ Guttenplag-Wiki 2nd interim report , accessed on March 1, 2011
  19. ^ Newsticker Sueddeutsche / dpa report ( memento from March 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ), published on March 1, 2011 at 1:47 pm; Retrieved March 3, 2011
  20. ↑ Der Spiegel, May 6, 2011: Communication from the University of Bayreuth: "Guttenberg has repeatedly assumed authorship"
  21. ↑ ; Nordwestzeitung, May 12, 2011: University passes a damning verdict: Bayreuth University rejects Guttenberg's statements ( memento of May 17, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  22. ↑ New sources of information: Online investigators increase pressure on Guttenberg . In: Spiegel Online , February 18, 2011. Retrieved February 19, 2011. 
  23. ↑ a b Suspected plagiarism: swarm intelligence brings Guttenberg into distress . In: sueddeutsche.de , February 17, 2011. Accessed February 19, 2011. 
  24. ↑ Online platforms for plagiarism hunters: Cheat research on the Internet . In: tagesschau.de , February 17, 2011. Archived from the original on February 18, 2011. Retrieved on February 19, 2011. 
  25. ↑ Oliver Georgi: Plagiarism seeker from "GuttenPlag": "The whole doctoral thesis has been copied" . In: faz.net , February 21, 2011. Retrieved February 22, 2011. 
  26. ↑ Sonja Pohlman: "Swarm and Swarmers" . In: tagesspiegel.de , February 22, 2011. 
  27. ^ Robin Meyer-Lucht: GuttenPlag: 'Cognitive Surplus' at work . In: Carta , February 20, 2011. Retrieved February 28, 2011. 
  28. ↑ Oliver Neuroth: Internet project GuttenPlag: "Swarm intelligence" in the fight against plagiarism . In: tagesschau.de , SWR, February 19, 2011. 
  29. ↑ Ralf Sander: "GuttenPlag Wiki" analyzes Guttenberg's work: The network is chasing Dr. Copy & paste . In: stern.de , February 18, 2011. Retrieved February 19, 2011. 
  30. ^ Christian Stöcker: Netz defeats ministers . Mirror online. March 1, 2011. Accessed March 1, 2011.
  31. ^ Christian Stöcker: Guttenberg affair: Netz defeated Minister Der Spiegel, March 1, 2011
  32. ↑ Expert: No resignation without Guttenplag-Wiki . In: Zeit Online (dpa) , March 1, 2011. 
  33. ↑ Berliner Zeitung, March 1, 2011: Interview: Did the Guttenberg network fall? ( Memento from March 5, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  34. ^ Reimer, Julius / Ruppert, Max (2013): GuttenPlag-Wiki and journalism: the relationship of a new media actor in the social web to the traditional mass media. In: Dolata, Ulrich / Schrape, Jan-Felix (Eds.): Internet, Mobile Devices and the Transformation of Media, pp. 303–329. Berlin: edition sigma. ISBN 978-3836035880
  35. ↑ Crowdsourcing - The GuttenPlag Formula Die Zeit from March 17, 2011
  36. ↑ Saif Al-Islam Gaddafi Thesis Wiki , accessed March 31, 2011
  37. ↑ VroniPlag Wiki / Vs , accessed on April 11, 2011
  38. ↑ VroniPlag Wiki / Skm , accessed April 12, 2011
  39. ↑ VroniPlag Wiki / Mcp , accessed on March 31, 2011
  40. ^ Initiative Transparent Science , accessed on March 31, 2011
  41. ^ Grimme Institute: Grimme Online Award 2011: Nominated 2011. GuttenPlag Wiki ( Memento from May 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ). Press release. May 11, 2011. Accessed May 11, 2011; Der Spiegel, May 11, 2011: Grimme Online Award: Guttenplag-Wiki nominated for online prize
  42. ↑ Grimme Online Award, winners 2011: Jury reasons ( Memento from June 27, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  43. ↑ Hans Ulrich Buhl: From Revolution to Participation: Social Media and the Democratic Decision-Making Process . In: WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK . tape 53 , no. 4 , August 2011, doi : 10.1007 / s11576-011-0279-x .
  44. ^ Katrin Hirte: Crowdsourcing and regular payments - the GuttenPlag case . In: 41st annual conference of the Society for Computer Science (workshop contribution) . October 2011 ( PDF [accessed October 15, 2011]).
  45. ↑ Debora Weber-Wulff, Katrin Köhler: Copy hunter: Cloud software vs. human crowd in plagiarism detection. In: iX - magazine for professional information technology. June 2011, accessed October 12, 2011 .
  46. ↑ Bela Gipp, Norman Meuschke, Jöran Beel: Comparative Evaluation of Text- and Citation-based Plagiarism Detection Approaches using GuttenPlag . In: ACM (Ed.): Proceedings of 11th ACM / IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL'11) . 2011, ISBN 978-1-4503-0744-4 , pp. 255–258 , doi : 10.1145 / 1998076.1998124 ( PDF [accessed October 15, 2011]).