Hornbeam cystid bark fungus
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Hornbeam cystid bark fungus ( Peniophora laeta ) |
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| ( Fr .: Fr. ) Donk |
The hornbeam cystid bark mushroom ( Peniophora laeta ) is a type of mushroom from the cystid bark family . It belongs to the subgenus Gloeopeniophora , which includes species with happy colored fruiting bodies .
features
Macroscopic features
The fungus develops crust-shaped fruiting bodies under the bark of hornbeam branches and, as the only representative of its genus, forms claw ridges to break the paper-thin bark when ripe. The strip-shaped fruiting bodies are 10-30 cm long, but can only be seen after the bark has been torn open and detached. They are membranous and waxy and less than 0.5 mm thick. The surface is structured with thick lugs and tenons - the caulking strips. Fresh specimens are strikingly flesh-colored-orange to orange-red in color, but when dry for a long period of time they fade purple-gray, develop cracks and the caulking strips shrink into small, hardened teeth.
Microscopic features
Hymenium and Subhymenium contain cylindrical to irregularly swollen gloeo- cystids , which are predominantly filled with granular content - an indication of the relatedness of the cystid -bark fungi (russuloid clade ). In contrast, encrusted, thick-walled cystids are absent or rarely occur.
Species delimitation
Most likely the hornbeam cystid bark mushroom can be confused with the widespread and common flesh-red cystid bark mushroom . However, this usually grows on the bark and has a smooth surface. Otherwise the fungus is unmistakable due to its substrate specificity .
ecology
The hornbeam cystid bark mushroom counts differently than z. B. the flesh-red cystid bark fungus is one of the substrate-specific species of the genus. It specializes in decomposing hornbeam branches and can be found there all year round, especially in the winter months. The fungus rarely colonizes other substrates such as silver birch and common beech . The fruiting bodies grow fresh only in damp weather periods. The fungus often occurs in large quantities in appropriate habitats and causes intense white rot in the wood . On the same piece of branch it only fructifies during one season.
As early as 1968, the mycologist Hermann Jahn reported that the species is often associated with the golden yellow trembling. Around 10 years later, he wrote that he believed a host-parasite relationship was possible. The assumption has now been proven.
distribution
The species is a character species of the oak-hornbeam forests, also inhabits heat-favored beech forests, hardwood meadows and field bushes. The fungus does not stop at hedges and garden borders either. Even in cities, it can be found in parks and on roadsides and roadsides if there is a suitable substrate.
meaning
As a saprobiont from dead branches, the hornbeam cystid bark fungus is of no economic importance. The crust-shaped fruit bodies are unsuitable for consumption.
literature
- John Eriksson, Kurt Hjortstam, Leif Ryvarden: The Corticiaceae of North Europe. Mycoaciella - Phanerochaete. Volume 5. Fungiflora, Oslo (Norway) 1978.
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.): The large mushrooms of Baden-Württemberg . Volume 1: General Part. Stand mushrooms: jelly, bark, prick and pore mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3528-0 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hermann Jahn: Some resupinate and half-resupinate “Stachelpilze” in Germany (hydnoide resupinate Aphyllophorales) . In: Westphalian mushroom letters . tape 7 , 1969 ( wwwuser.gwdg.de [PDF; 4.0 MB ]).
- ↑ Hermann Jahn: Mushrooms that grow on wood . Busse, Herford 1979, ISBN 3-87120-853-1 .
- ^ Chee-Jen Chen: Morphological and molecular studies in the genus Tremella . In: Bibliotheca Mycologica . tape 174 , 1998, ISBN 3-443-59076-4 ( faculty.stut.edu.tw ( memento of October 29, 2003 in the Internet Archive )). Morphological and molecular studies in the genus Tremella ( Memento of the original from October 29, 2003 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
- Andreas Kunze: Peniophora laeta - hornbeam cystid bark fungus. (No longer available online.) In: Fungiworld.com. May 13, 2009, formerly in the original ; Retrieved January 10, 2013 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )