Winkelhof (house type)

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Hakenhof in Sonnenberg , Lower Saxony, here with unequal ridge heights

An Winkelhof (also: Zweikantenhof , Zweiseithof or Hakenhof ) is a widespread traditional house type for farmhouses or farms , in which the main building on the gable side is supplemented with an extension at right angles - often used as a farm building - so that an L- Form emerges. The Winkelhof is a form of the two-sided courtyard , with further additions a three-sided courtyard or a four-sided courtyard can result.

Examples

Michael Berens , monument curator of the Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm , defined the Winkelhof in a lecture in 2000 simply as an extended Streckhof with a right-angled business section, whereby the business section can either come from the construction period of the main building or be added later.

In the rural area of ​​the Eifel, a right-angled extension is placed on a one-room-deep main house, whereby the roofs merge and the ridge and eaves height are usually the same. An exception is the so-called "Eifel type", first named in 1932, in which a roof surface is drawn down longer on the weather side , so that an unequal-sided roof is created. Winkelhöfe as a typical construction form in the Eifel region occur here both in half-timbered and in solid construction with natural stone or brickwork.

In other regions, the main house can already be medium-sized, but cannot be extended for reasons of space. An example are Winkelhöfe in the Luxembourg area.

Hakenhof in Burgenland, with a thatched roof and goal wall

In Burgenland , the Hakenhof is also considered a traditional construction method that was used until the first half of the 20th century. The gable front of the main courtyard is often on the street side, the transverse wing in the rear. On the street side, the Hakenhof either remains open or is closed by a gate wall. The opposite long side can either be closed by the wall of the neighboring house or - in the less densely built-up settlements of southern Burgenland - remain open.

This type of construction also appeared in urban areas as early as the Middle Ages, for example in the Kaufleut district in Lübeck .

literature

  • Otto Klemm: Half-timbered farmhouses in the North West Eifel. A contribution to the history of the German farmhouse Dissertation at the University of Aachen, Mayer 1932. Also in: Aachen contributions to local history 12

Web links

Commons : Winkelhof  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Michael Berens: Farmhouses and Stocks. Village and house in the West Eifel - an overview in: Everything under one roof? The house landscape in the German-French-Luxembourg border region. Local history symposium in the open-air museum Roscheider Hof in Konz on May 20, 2000
  2. a b RWTH Aachen University. Chair and Institute for Urban Development and Regional Planning: Baukultur Eifel. Historic building type: Winkelhof
  3. RWTH Aachen University. Chair and Institute for Urban Development and Regional Planning: Baukultur Eifel. Historical house type - Winkelhof "Eifel type"
  4. Commune de Kiischpelt: The Winkelhof (also Zweikantenhof or Hakenhof) on webwalking.lu
  5. Vera Mayer: Report on the project “Structural change in building and living culture in Burgenland” (on the building spirit in rural areas) p. 291
  6. Vera Mayer: Burgenland. Building and Living Culture in Transition Publishers of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1993. ISBN 978-3-7001-2016-2 , p. 36
  7. ^ Rolf Hammel-Kiesow: The emergence of the socio-spatial structure of the medieval city of Lübeck in: Matthias Meinhardt : The social structure and social topography of pre-industrial cities. Halle contributions to the history of the Middle Ages and the early modern period , Volume 1. Akademieverlag, Berlin 2005, ISBN 978-3-0500-3836-0 , pp. 154/155