Hanns Georg Khlain
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Hanns Georg Khlain (* 16th century uncertain in Salzburg , † 1636 in Salzburg) was an important master locksmith of the late Renaissance in Salzburg.
Life
The family of craftsmen of the Khlains is proven several times in Salzburg around 1600, for example there was a belt maker named Hanns Jakob Khlain and the shoemaker and later landlord Hanns Khlain.
The name of Hanns Georg Khlain appears for the first time in 1614 with his entry in the Salzburg city register. At the same time, there was a warning from the city council for “a dispute with the woods” from this year. This late entry in the citizen register is due to the fact that Khlain had received his earlier assignments from Prince Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau . According to the regulations of the time, nobles, clergymen, civil servants, people who belonged to the Prince Archbishop's court, or even craftsmen in the service of the Prince Archbishop were excluded from entry in the civil register. After Wolf Dietrich was arrested by his nephew and successor Markus Sittikus von Hohenems in 1611 because of his quarrel with the Bavarians and imprisoned in the Hohenwerfen Fortress for the rest of his life , Khlain was also dismissed from the archbishop's service and he was able to become a citizen of the city . This again was a prerequisite for submission to the city administration, which in turn was responsible for appointing the Zechmeister (guild masters). The princely court strongly advocated his admission as a citizen (“on July 25, 1614: Hanns Georg Clain was accepted and accepted as a citizen on the prince's orders and he was granted the civil right p. 6 fl.”). In the minutes of the city council of May 15, 1615 it is noted that Khlain presented his masterpiece and "meanwhile the handwork Khain lacked, still thought about it, he has been declared master".
In a tax description from 1623, the name Khlain appears with his place of residence in the Oberbrückenviertel (no house details), which is now the area of Linzergasse from Bergstraße.
The last drawing of a magnificent lattice made by him dates back to March 10, 1635, shortly before the outbreak of the great plague epidemic, which swept away a third of the Salzburg city population. Khlain is believed to have died during this epidemic in 1636. He left no children or successors in his business.
plant
24 sketch sheets with 27 drawings have survived by Khlain, most of which were sold to the Stuttgart Kupferstichkabinett in 1859. One sheet remained in Salzburg. All of them have since been published both in art history works and in sample books for art fitters. All sketches are applied to handmade paper ; first they were drawn in pencil and then repainted with a brush and black paint. Due to the brush painting, the drawings are not true to scale compared to the originals. Khlain has put notes on eight sheets, some of which refer to the place of installation and some to the size.
His creative period is between 1602 and 1635. The wrought iron bars from 1602 on the Gabriel Chapel in St. Sebastian's cemetery have been preserved; Other works relate to the grave grids in this cemetery (wall graves 57 and 59 in the east wing, wall grave 83 in the south wing, wall grave 24 in the north wing) and in the Bruderhof St. Sebastian (around 1605–1610; lattice door and window grille ). In the south and east wing of the so-called Dietrichsruh, the staircase is completed with a wrought-iron platform railing by Khlain (around 1600). The courtyard in the Wallis tract of the residence was closed with a Khlain's lattice gate (also around 1600); However, only the left wing is original, the right wing was added between 1925 and 1930 (the current installation site is the stalactite grotto under the arcades of the old Kapitelgarten; the chiselling on the leaves and flowers is remarkable). The sketch sheet that remained in Salzburg refers to the staircase on the first floor as well as to the window grille to the carabinieresaal of the residence (around 1610). Two window baskets for the oratorios in the Franciscan Church were made around 1606 (the so-called Khlain rosettes are noticeable here).
For the three side chapels in the Müllner Church , which serve as burial chapels for the brothers of Prince Archbishop Wolf Dietrich (probably beginning with the time of the church renovation in 1607), Khlain made the chapel grilles (Chapel 1: Hans Werner von Raithenau, Commander of the Order of Malta; Chapel 2: Hans Rudolf von Raithenau and his wife Sydonie Freiin Welsperg; Chapel 3: Hans Ulrich Edler Herr auf Raithenau, Teutonic Order Commander). The bars for the crucifixion group on the Kapuzinerberg also date from 1612 ; The details of an elephant's head and the rod reinforcement by means of a tulip are striking.
For the Nonnberg monastery , Khlain made the lattice of the crypt chapels on the south side of the church from 1624 to 1625 (the ornate spindle flower in the central chapel lattice is remarkable). The lattice to the St. Gertraud crypt also comes from him.
Works by Khlain can also be found in St. Petersfriedhof (Laube XLIX, Laube LI, Laube LIII).
A number of works that Khlain made for the Salzburg Cathedral (sketch sheet no. 27) and which fell victim to an alleged beautification of the cathedral have been lost. A part of it - as far as the dimensions fit - have been set up in other places or at least their frames have been reused, but a part has been forged into nails.
The effect of Khlain can also be gauged from the fact that his sketches were printed in sample books for blacksmithing until the 19th century.
literature
Ernst Lang: Master locksmith Hanns Georg Khlain 1602–1635. His sketch portfolio and the corresponding grids in Salzburg. 1999, Henndorf: Salzburg Baroque Museum (self-published).
Franz Sales Meyer : The blacksmithing: For use by locksmiths and blacksmiths. 1893 (2nd edition), Leipzig: Seemann.
Camillo Sitte : Complete Edition. Volume 5. Writings on art theory and art history. Edited by: Klaus Semsroth, Michael Mönninger and Christiane C. Collins, edited by Bernhard Langer, Andreas Zeese and Ann Katrin Bäumler. 2010, Vienna: Böhlau Verlag. ISBN 978-3-205-78458-6 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Camillo Sitte, 2010, p. 535
- ↑ Ernst Lang, 1999, p. 8.
- ↑ Ernst Lang, 1999; Franz Sales Meyer, 1893.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Khlain, Hanns Georg |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Clain, Hans Georg; Klein, Hans Georg |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Salzburg art locksmith |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 16th Century |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Salzburg |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1636 |
| Place of death | Salzburg |