Hans Fründ

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Hans Fründ (* shortly after 1400 in Lucerne ; † before March 10, 1469 there ) was a Swiss chronicler .

Life

Hans Fründ was probably a citizen of the city of Lucerne, where he received his education and was employed as a signatory to the city chancellery under Egloff Etterlin until 1437. After the outbreak of the Old Zurich War he was given the post of land clerk in Schwyz . In this function he served as a federal field clerk (chronicler) and took part in several meetings as a clerk. In 1441 he was registered as a notary with an imperial license. As the clerk of the Schwyz estate , Hans Fründ documented, among other things, the siege of Greifensee by central Swiss armies and the execution of the Zurich occupation in May 1444 . Fründ's description of the massacre in the “Chronicle of the Old Zurich War” is factual and not free from partisanship, but with undisguised sympathy for the fate of the besieged and their families. After the death of the incumbent Hans Sax, Fründ applied for the position of town clerk in Lucerne. Out of consideration for the merits of Fründ and the political position of the second job applicant, the State Chancellery was reorganized and the keeping of the minutes in council and court was separated: On July 31, 1461, Melchior Russ was appointed town clerk and Fründ was appointed clerk of the court.

Fründ was married first to Elli Bumbel, then to Adelheid von Tengen and third to Margaretha Giessmann.

Works

Manuscript by Hans Fründ on the persecution of witches in Valais. First page of the manuscript, Central Library / Citizens' Library Lucerne.

Around the year 1431 Hans Fründ describes the circumstances surrounding the witch hunts that began in Valais from 1428 and handed down the rituals practiced on a witch's sabbath for the first time with a thoroughly critical view of current events .

The "Chronicle of the Old Zurich War" was written as early as 1447 and covers the period up to the armistice in 1446. The presentation of the final negotiations (until 1450) is missing because Fründ probably had to break off work due to illness. His chronicle is influenced by his own war experiences on the part of the Central Swiss, takes a federal-patriotic point of view and tells “ ... cumbersome, powerful and simply the sad events of the first [Swiss] civil war. “The text also contains representations of diplomatic backgrounds that he was able to bring in from his official position. Diebold Schilling took over important parts of Fründ's work in his Bern chronicle, and the Tschachtlan chronicle is also based on the chronicle of Hans Fründ for the period after 1423 (Old Zurich War).

literature

  • Gregor Egloff: Fründ, Hans. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland ., 2006
  • Christian Immanuel Kind: The Chronicle of Hans Fründ, Landschreiber zu Schwytz . General History Research Society of Switzerland, Zurich 1875 ( online ).
  • Georg Modestin: "From the witches, so burned in Valais." A rediscovered manuscript with the report of the chronicler Hans Fründ about the persecution of witches in Valais (1428). In: Vallesia. 60, 2005, pp. 399-410 ( PDF: 4.5 MB ).
  • Peter Niederhäuser, Christian Sieber (ed.): A fratricidal war makes history. New approaches to the old Zurich war . In: Mitteilungen der Antiquarian Gesellschaft in Zürich , Volume 73, Chronos Verlag, Zürich 2006. ISBN 3-0340-0755-8 .
  • Christian Sieber: “Unfriendly” letters, declarations of war and peace treaties. The Old Zurich War (1436–1450) as reflected in the biography of Landschreiber Hans Fründ . In: Mitteilungen des Historisches Verein des Kantons Schwyz 98 (2006), pp. 11–37.
  • Vischer:  Fründ, Hans . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 8, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1878, p. 154.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Georg Modestin, Kathrin Utz Tremp : On the late medieval witch hunt in today's western Switzerland. A research report . In: Zeitblicke 1/2002.
  2. ↑ NZZ Format (July 26, 2000): The earliest documents on the Witches' Sabbath ( Memento of the original from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed January 19, 2009  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www-x.nzz.ch
  3. ↑ Rita Voltmer, Franz Irsigler: The European witch hunts of the early modern times - prejudices, factors and balances
  4. ↑ The first page of Fründs handwritten report at the Central Library (Civic Library) Lucerne, accessed January 19, 2009
  5. ↑ Johannes von Müller, Robert Glutz von Blotzheim [et al.]: The stories of the Swiss Confederation . Lausanne 1816.
personal data
SURNAME Fründ, Hans
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss chronicler and historian
DATE OF BIRTH after 1400
PLACE OF BIRTH Lucerne
DATE OF DEATH before March 10, 1469
Place of death Lucerne