Hanseatic Volksbund

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Hanseatischer Volksbund (HVB) was the name of a bourgeois party in Lübeck during the Weimar Republic .

history

The founding of the Hanseatic Volksbund in 1926 was a consequence of the affair surrounding the mayor of Lübeck, Johann Martin Andreas Neumann . Due to press releases about his acquaintance with the chairman of the Pan-German Association, Heinrich Claß , who is said to have let Neumann in on his plans for a Reichsputsch, Neumann resigned as mayor on June 2, 1926 after a vote of no confidence in the citizenry. The Social Democratic Senator Paul Löwigt was elected as his successor .

As a result, a large part of the bourgeois parties and groups in Lübeck joined together to form the Hanseatischer Volksbund unified list , in order to oppose the strongest political force in Lübeck, the SPD , as a bloc with an equivalent force. The Volksbund was a reservoir for conservative currents , it presented itself as open to all non-Marxist, i.e. non-SPD and KPD voters . In the government crisis triggered by Neumann's resignation, the Volksbund succeeded in leveling political contrasts and gathering large sections of the bourgeoisie behind them. The parties and groups united in the Volksbund included the Völkische Deutschvölkische Freedom Party , the German National People's Party , the German People's Party and the house and landowners . The German Center Party did not join the Volksbund, as did the left-liberal German Democratic Party .

In the 1926 citizenship election for the fourth legislative period (1926–1929) of the Lübeck citizenship as the state parliament on November 14, 1926, the Hanseatic People's Union achieved a significant electoral success from a standing start and with 44% of the votes and 36 out of 80 seats was still ahead of the SPD (42nd , 6%; 35 seats) strongest parliamentary group.

This success was not repeated in 1929. This year the Volksbund, which also provided four out of 11 senators in the Lübeck Senate , suffered significant losses. He lost almost a sixth of his voters to the NSDAP ; In 1932 the proportion of votes between the two was almost reversed when the Volksbund lost 24 of its 29 seats, mainly to the NSDAP.

In 1933 the Volksbund, which had become almost insignificant, supported the takeover of power by the NSDAP in the citizenship and in the Senate .

Election results

election day Share of votes% Seats
November 14, 1926 44 36
November 10, 1929 35.5 29
November 13, 1932 6th 5

MPs

literature

  • Gerhard Schneider : Endangering and Loss of Statehood of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck and its Consequences (= publications on the history of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck. Series B, Vol. 14). Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 1986, ISBN 3-7950-0452-7 .
  • Helmut Stubbe-da Luz : “Hanseatic” party politics in the Weimar period and in the years after the Second World War. The collection and civic bloc efforts of the Hanseatic Volksbund as well as the German Collection (Lübeck), the Bremen Democratic People's Party and the Patriotic Federation of Hamburg. In: Michael Hundt (Ed.): History as an obligation. Hamburg, Reformation and Historiography. Festschrift for Rainer Postel on his 60th birthday (= contributions to German and European history. Vol. 28). Krämer, Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-89622-041-1 , pp. 183-213.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ In detail Gerhard Meyer: From the First World War to 1985: Lübeck in the force field of rapidly changing conditions. Weimar Republic. Consolidation period (1924–1928). In: Antjekathrin Graßmann (Hrsg.): Lübeckische Geschichte. Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 1988, ISBN 3-7950-3202-4 , p. 692 ff.
  2. ↑ Abram Enns : Art and Citizenship. The controversial twenties in Lübeck. Weiland et al., Lübeck et al. 1978, ISBN 3-7672-0571-8 , p. 98.
  3. ↑ Julian Freche: Political Milieus in Lübeck during the Weimar Republic (1919–1933) , dissertation project description, accessed on October 22, 2015.
  4. ↑ Albrecht Schreiber: Between the swastika and the Holsten Gate. Lübeck 1925 to 1939 - from the crisis to the war. City history in press reports - the way of the Hanseatic city into the "Thousand Year Reich". Lübecker Nachrichten, Lübeck 1983, p. 12.
  5. ↑ Hansjörg Buss: "Entjudete" Church. The Lübeck regional church between Christian anti-Judaism and ethnic anti-Semitism (1918–1950). Schöningh, Paderborn et al. 2011, ISBN 978-3-506-77014-1 , p. 64.
  6. ↑ Hans-Joachim Bieber: Bourgeoisie in the Revolution. Citizens' councils and citizen strikes in Germany 1918–1920 (= Hamburg contributions to social and contemporary history. 28). Christians, Hamburg 1992, ISBN 3-7672-1148-3 , p. 541.
  7. ↑ Elke Imberger: Resistance “from below”: Resistance and dissent from the ranks of the labor movement and the Jehovah's Witnesses in Lübeck and Schleswig-Holstein 1933–1945 (= sources and research on the history of Schleswig-Holstein. 98). Wachholtz, Neumünster 1991, ISBN 3-529-02198-9 , p. 58, (also: Kiel, Universität, Dissertation, 1990).