Johann Martin Andreas Neumann

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Johann Martin Andreas Neumann

Johann Martin Andreas Neumann (born August 16, 1865 in Lübeck ; † April 7, 1928 there ) was a judge at the Lübeck Regional Court , Senator and Mayor of Lübeck.

Life

origin

He was born on August 16, 1865 in Lübeck as the son of the reindeer of the same name Johann Martin Andreas Neumann (* 1814 in Sülze , † 1896 in Lübeck) and his wife Marie Elisabeth, née. Cordua (* 1823 in Paramaribo , † 1896 in Lübeck). His mother was the eldest daughter of the merchant Theodor Cordua with the multiracial freed slave Katharine Höft.

career

After his school days in the Katharineum until Easter 1884, he studied law and economics in Freiburg, Leipzig and Kiel . Back in Lübeck he was appointed trainee lawyer in 1889 and after three years appointed assessor , the following year a judge .

Shortly afterwards his work began in public. His work in the circle of the Society for the Promotion of Charitable Activities , which soon appointed him to the board, at the German Evening , Pan-German Association and many national and welfare efforts made him known. In 1899 he was elected to the citizenry .

In September 1904 the member of the citizenship was elected senator of the city. The course of events was different from usual: Since the newly elected was on a trip to America at the time, he had to be questioned by telegram. The presiding mayor , Heinrich Klug , only held Neumann's declaration of willingness in his hands 24 hours later .

In the Senate, he first became a member of the Justice Commission and Deputy Police Officer, a member of the City and Country Office and chairman of the military commission. He chaired the tax authorities from 1917 to 1920, and in the Council of Churches from 1919, to name just a few. In 1921 Neumann, who had a German national position but was not party to the party, was elected mayor of the city as the successor to Emil Ferdinand Fehling .

Neumann got into a political conflict with the Lübeck SPD under the Reichstag member Julius Leber , which escalated around 1924 . A referendum was intended to prevent the extension of his term of office as mayor. This attempt failed, however, with an impressive vote of confidence from the voters.

In order to persuade Reich President Paul von Hindenburg to visit Lübeck, he sent him an invitation to the 700th anniversary celebrations, for which a multi-page report appeared in Die Woche (issue 23/1926) on the imperial freedom of the city. The invitation was not accepted and Lübeck was one of the few countries in the Reich that the President never visited. For these celebrations, he gave the city a replica of the crucifix in the monastery church Vadstena , which was shown in the exhibition Lübeckische Kunst outside Lübeck , designed by his son-in-law Carl Georg Heise , and which can now be seen in Lübeck's Marienkirche .

Neumann was no longer in office for the celebrations of the 700th anniversary. On the basis of press releases about his acquaintance with the chairman of the Pan-German Association, Heinrich Claß , who is said to have let him in on his plans for a Reichsputsches, a socialist motion of no confidence in the mayor was made at the assembly of the citizens on May 17, 1926 after the agenda had been dealt with dealt with a question related to the matter with great unrest and noisy heckling. After a brilliant speech by the mayor, the citizens accepted the motion on May 26th with a simple majority. This majority consisted of social democrats, democrats with the exception of Heinrich Görtz and communists. The faction of the New House and Landowners Association contributed to this result by abstaining from voting . A second reading took place on June 2nd. The eve of the 700th anniversary celebrations with the result that the motion was finally adopted with 43 votes to 32, with 3 abstentions. On June 2, 1926, back as mayor. On June 22, the Senate elected the Social Democratic Senator Paul Löwigt as Mayor and Senator Paul Hoff as his deputy. The bourgeois members of the Senate had given up the second post. The result of Neumann's resignation was the emergence of a new party in Lübeck, the Hanseatic Volksbund , which in the same year surpassed the SPD in terms of citizenship mandates. Today's Rathenaustraße at the Stadtpark was called Bürgermeister-Neumann-Straße from 1933 to 1945 after Neumann's death .

Neumann was from 1907 to 1909 director of the Society for the Promotion of Charitable Activities . In addition to his political work in the Lübeck administration, he was an advisor to the civil government on general, political and commercial issues in occupied Riga from 1917-18 . Because of his services in the replacement of the sovereign church regiment of the Senate by the new church constitution of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Lübeck of 1921, he received an honorary doctorate in theology from the theological faculty of the Christian Albrechts University in Kiel; from 1921 he was chairman of the Hanseatic History Association .

A celebration took place in Westerau on May 18, 1930 . The board of directors of the Westerauer Foundation once decided to honor the memory of its deceased long-time chairman with a memorial . This happened on that day by setting up a bench in the park of the manor house in Westerau with numerous representatives of the Neumann family.

The bench was designed by the Lübeck construction director, Hans Pieper , and executed by the Bruhn company. The bank is made of Swedish granite and bears the name of the deceased mayor with the Lübeck coat of arms .

  • newly elected senator (1904)

  • As commissioner of the Senate with the spokesmen at a citizenship meeting on the raised seats (1909)

  • Neumann Memorial in Westerau

  • Plaster cast of the crucifix from Vadstena in St. Marien

family

Out of his marriage went

emerged.

literature

  • Abram B. Enns : Art and the bourgeoisie - The controversial twenties in Lübeck. Christians - Weiland, Hamburg - Lübeck 1978, ISBN 3-7672-0571-8
  • Emil Ferdinand Fehling , Lübeckische Ratslinie, Lübeck 1925, No. 1029
  • Hermann Christern : Neumann, Johann Martin Andreas . In: Hermann Christern (ed.): German Biographical Yearbook . Volume 10, Deutsche Verlagsanstalt Stuttgart, Berlin [et al.] 1928
  • Joachim Lilla : The Reichsrat: Representation of the German states in the legislation and administration of the Reich 1919-1934 a biographical handbook with the involvement of the Bundesrat Nov. 1918 - Febr. 1919 and the State Committee Feb. - Aug. 1919. Düsseldorf: Droste 2006 ISBN 3 -7700-5279-X , pp. 126-127
  • Karl-Ernst Sinner: Tradition and Progress. Senate and Mayor of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck 1918-2007 , Volume 46 of Series B of the publications on the history of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck published by the Archives of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck , Lübeck 2008, p. 178

Web links

Commons : Johann Martin Andreas Neumann  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

supporting documents

  1. ↑ Egmond Codfried: Aantekeningen op de Surinamse families Codfried, Heuft, Hóft, Hoeufft, Cordua, Neumann, Mosanto, Kerster en de Faria , Academia.edu, accessed on February 15, 2020
  2. ^ Hermann Genzken: The Abitur graduates of the Katharineum in Lübeck (grammar school and secondary school) from Easter 1807 to 1907. Borchers, Lübeck 1907. (Supplement to the school program 1907), No. 858
  3. ↑ Vaterländische Blätter (illustrated entertainment supplement to the Lübeck advertisements ); Lübeck, December 19, 1920, No. 6 - Article on the mayoral election of December 1
  4. ↑ Father-city sheets ; Lübeck, September 4, 1904, article: Election of a new member of the Senate
  5. ^ Gerhard Ahrens ; Hindenburg's brother lies in the Burgtorfriedhof in Lübeckische Blätter 21/2010
  6. ↑ Chronicle. In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , year 1925/26, No. 17, edition of May 23, 1926, p. 72.
  7. ↑ Chronicle. In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , year 1925/26, No. 18, edition of June 6, 1926, p. 76.
  8. ↑ Chronicle. In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , year 1925/26, No. 20, edition of June 13, 1926, p. 80.
  9. ↑ Chronicle. In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , year 1925/26, No. 21, edition of July 4, 1926, p. 88.
  10. ↑ In detail in Antjekathrin Graßmann : Lübeckische Geschichte , p. 692 ff.
  11. ↑ The Germans wanted to found a United Baltic Duchy there at the end of the First World War .
  12. ↑ Honor for Mayor D. Dr. Neumann † ; In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , year 129/30, no.17, edition of May 24, 1930
personal data
SURNAME Neumann, Johann Martin Andreas
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Mayor of Lübeck
DATE OF BIRTH August 16, 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH Lübeck
DATE OF DEATH April 7, 1928
Place of death Lübeck