Hapalogenys

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Hapalogenys
Hapalogenys analis

Hapalogenys analis

Systematics
Acanthomorphata
Spinefish (Acanthopterygii)
Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Order : Surgeonfish (Acanthuriformes)
Family : Lobotidae
Genre : Hapalogenys
Scientific name
Hapalogenys
Richardson , 1844

Hapalogenys is a genus of fish from the group of perch relatives (Percomorphaceae). It occurs in the northwestern Pacific from southern Japan and the south coast of Korea ( East China Sea ) to Taiwan and the Philippines , as well as on the coast of northwestern Australia and in the Andaman Sea , possibly also in the Bay of Bengal and in the Strait of Malacca . The fish live close to the coast at depths of 30 to 230 meters above sand, mud and rock bottoms and at river mouths.

features

Hapalogenys species are 10 to 40 cm long. They are high back with a steep head profile. Their color is silvery, olive, gray or brownish. They are usually patterned by a few broad, darker longitudinal stripes or diagonal stripes running from the top front to the bottom back. The dorsal fin is clearly divided into a part supported by eleven to twelve spines and a part supported by 13 to 18 soft rays. The third spine of the first dorsal fin is the highest, from there to the end of the first dorsal fin its height drops continuously. The anal fin is supported by three spines and eight to ten soft rays. Here the second stinger is the longest. Because of their very short chin barbels , they are called Velvetchins or Barbeled grunters in English .

Systematics

The genus Hapalogenys was introduced in 1844 by the Scottish naturalist John Richardson . The systematic position of the fish within the perch relatives was controversial. For a long time it belonged to the sweetlips and grunts family (Haemulidae). Today it is often the only genus in the Hapalogenyidae family. In morphological comparisons of old and young fish, a close relationship with the tiger bass ( Datnioides ) and three-tailed bass ( Lobotes ) was found, which together form the family Lobotidae in Joseph S. Nelson's Fishes of the World , a standard work on fish systematics .

The Australian ichthyologists Anthony Gill and Jeffrey M. Leis also introduced Hapalogenys into the Lobotidae in October 2019 . At the same time they put the Lobotidae in the order of the surgeon fish-like (Acanthuriformes). The Lobotidae share a unique trait (a synapomorphism ) with the rest of the surgeonfish , which was used to diagnose the order. In the larvae and adult specimens of the Lobotidae and the other surgeonfish species, the regrowing teeth grow on the outside of the jaw and replace their predecessors in groups.

species

Eight species belong to Hapalogenys :

indefinite Hapalogenys

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jeffrey M. Leis & Anthony C. Gill: Tigerfishes, Tripletails, and Velvetchins form a clade: Morphological evidence from adults and larvae. “International Symposium on Systematics and Diversity of Fishes” on March 3-4, 2008 at the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo
  2. ^ Joseph S. Nelson, Terry C. Grande, Mark VH Wilson: Fishes of the World. Wiley, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2016, ISBN 978-1118342336 , p. 503 et al. 504
  3. ↑ Anthony Gill & Jeffrey M. Leis (2019): Phylogenetic position of the fish genera Lobotes, Datnioides and Hapalogenys , with a reappraisal of acanthuriform composition and relationships based on adult and larval morphology. Zootaxa, 4680 (1): 1-81. DOI: 10.11646 / zootaxa.4680.1.1
  4. ↑ Hapalogenys on Fishbase.org (English)