Heinrich Füllmaurer

The contracted Leonhart Fuchs Artist: Albrecht Meyer drew the objects from nature, Heinrich Füllmauer copied it on wooden blocks, then from Veit Rudolf Speckle were cut

Heinrich Füllmaurer (* 1497 in Herrenberg , † 1547/1548 Tübingen) was a German Renaissance - painter and draftsman.

Life

He was born around 1497 and appears in the documents from 1514 onwards. He was a close friend of the theologian Kaspar Gräter , who later became a Lutheran court preacher and dedicated a catechism to him in 1537 .

plant

Leonhart Fuchs

The " Gotha Table Altar " with 157 individual images from the workshop of Heinrich Füllmaurer, 1540, exhibited in the Ducal Museum Gotha

Füllmaurer worked with Albrecht Meyer and Marx Weiss the Younger (1536–1580) on the painting of the ducal apartments in Stuttgart. He also worked with Meyer on a series of over 500 color drawings (Vienna, Austria) for the two herbal books by the botanist Leonhart Fuchs :

• De historia stirpium commentarii (Basel, 1542) and
• New Herb Book (New Kreüterbuch) (Basel, 1543).

He also made hundreds of drawings for a comprehensive new book of herbs by Fuchs that was never published. However, it has been preserved and is located under the name Codex 11 117-11125 in the National Library in Vienna. All 1541 pictures of this work can be found in the work of the Baumann family from 2001:

• B. Baumann, H. Baumann , S. Baumann-Schleihauf: The herb book manuscript of Leonhart Fuchs . Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3538-8 .

A small number of the wooden blocks still preserved are now being kept in Tübingen in the University's Botanical Institute. One of the printed woodcuts shows portraits of Füllmaurer and Meyer as well as a portrait of the Strasbourg woodcut carver Veit Rudolf Speckle († 1590), which is clearly based on a drawing by Hans Baldung .

In older reports, Füllmaurer is also referred to as a sculptor, which is sometimes incorrectly portrayed as a sculptor in later publications. The combination of painter and picture maker would be extraordinary, but there is much to suggest that Füllmaurer did not work on tapestries himself. Rather, he only designed the motifs while a workshop took over the execution. Around 1850, Kugler pointed out that up to the 18th century masters and workshops were still equated, but for purely time reasons it would not have been possible for Füllmaurer to deal with the complex and lengthy craftsmanship of the Weaving. Instead, it can be assumed that he was in charge of a larger workshop. The combination of several trades within this workshop also suggests that it was a courtly workshop that was free from the restrictions of the guilds. Most likely it was the Stuttgart court painter's workshop of Duke Ulrich von Württemberg, about which little is known, as Ulrich was out of the country for a long time for political reasons at the time of Füllmaurer. Füllmaurer could have enjoyed court painter privileges and, in Ulrich's absence, could have kept himself afloat with private commissions from among the theologians around Kaspar Gräter . One of his workshop employees was the wood carver Veit Rudolf Speckle , who later worked in Strasbourg.

Füllmaurer is also regarded as the painter of the Gotha table altar , which is in the Ducal Museum Gotha , and the Mömpelgard altar , which is exhibited in the Kunsthistorisches Museum Vienna . The clear attribution of both altars to Füllmaurer was only made in 1971 by Werner Fleischhauer .

The Mömpelgarder Altar is a picture sermon about the life of Jesus, based on a Gospel harmony, based on Martin Luther's translation of the Bible from 1522. Three movable pairs of wings are attached to a central shrine, which can be read like a book. There are twelve pictures on each board. The passion and crucifixion are depicted in the altar shrine . Count Georg von Württemberg , regent of the County of Mömpelgard , commissioned in 1538/40 to paint a winged altar for the parish church of St. Maienboef, which later ended up in the Stuttgart Art Chamber and from there as war booty to Vienna. The theological advisor to the painter is the German theologian and reformer Kaspar Gräter , who came to Herrenberg as the first Protestant pastor in 1534 and introduced the Reformation there.

literature

• Franz Kugler: Small writings and studies on art history . Two volumes. Stuttgart 1854.
• Evangelical parish of Herrenberg (ed.): The Mömpelgarder Altar - contemporary witness of the Reformation . Herrenberg 2016, ISBN 978-3-00-054391-3 .
• Staatsgalerie Stuttgart , Elsbeth Wiemann (ed.): The master of Messkirch. Catholic splendor in the Reformation period . Hirmer, Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-7774-2918-2 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Timo Trümper: The Gotha table altar: a monumental picture book from the Reformation period. 2nd Edition. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2018, ISBN 978-3-7319-0595-0 , pp. 29-30.
2. ^ The Grove Dictionary of Art in English.
3. ↑ New Kreüterbuch ( Memento of the original dated December 3, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
4. ^ Evangelical parish of Herrenberg (ed.): The Mömpelgarder Altar - contemporary witness of the Reformation . Herrenberg 2016, ISBN 978-3-00-054391-3 .