County of Württemberg-Mömpelgard

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Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806) .svg
Territory in the Holy Roman Empire
County of Württemberg-Mömpelgard
coat of arms
Armoiries Wurtemberg Ferrette.svg
map
85 Württemberg and Mömpelgard map Schickhardt.jpg
Alternative names County of Mümpelgart; princely county Mömpelgard
Arose from County Mömpelgard
Form of rule monarchy


Today's region / s FR-25
Parliament 1 virile voice on the prince's bench
Reichskreis does not belong to any circle
Capitals / residences Mömpelgard
Dynasties House of Württemberg
Denomination / Religions from 1524 Evangelical-Lutheran
Language / n French; German


Incorporated into First French Republic (assigned August 7, 1796)


Mömpelgard around 1600

With County of Montbéliard in the period 1397-1796 to be Wuerttemberg belonging areas around Montbéliard referred.

history

Montbéliard (German "Mömpelgard"), located southwest of Belfort , was first mentioned in a document in 985. The County of Mömpelgard came to the Holy Roman Empire with the Kingdom of Burgundy in the 11th century and was already a Romance-speaking area at that time. Since Rudolf von Habsburg , it has been proven as an imperial fiefdom, namely as a kunkellehen , that is, the female succession was permitted. After the death of Stephan von Mömpelgard on November 1, 1397, whose son Heinrich had not returned from the battle of Nikopolis , Count Eberhard III succeeded. von Württemberg a few days later, on November 13, 1397, to conclude a marriage contract for his underage son, who later became Count Eberhard IV. , with Henriette von Mömpelgard , who is also underage , and Stephen von Mömpelgard's granddaughter with inheritance rights. The County of Mömpelgard initially came under Württemberg administration and, after Henriette's death in 1444, finally became part of Württemberg after Henriette - after the death of Eberhard IV and her withdrawal from the guardianship government for her sons - Mömpelgard had ruled as regent from 1421 to 1444.

Under constitutional law, the County of Mömpelgard and the Duchy of Württemberg were always separate. Mömpelgard, for example, did not send any representatives to the Württemberg state estates . From 1553 to 1593 and from 1617 to 1723, side lines of the House of Württemberg ruled in Mömpelgard . The older sidelines took over after the death of the childless Duke Ludwig with Frederick I , the government in Württemberg. In the Wildbad Treaty of May 18, 1715, the younger sidelines ceded rule in Mömpelgard to the Stuttgart main line. The contract was completed with the death of Count Leopold Eberhard on February 25, 1723.

The Württemberg possessions became important because Duke Ulrich introduced the Reformation with Guillaume Farel in 1524 - ten years before Württemberg . When he was expelled from Württemberg, he found refuge here. The pastors for the county were trained in the Evangelical Abbey of the University of Tübingen . The area of ​​the county is therefore still today a Lutheran enclave in predominantly Catholic France .

The Baroness Henriette von Oberkirch described life at the Mömpelgarder Hof between 1770 and 1789 in her memoir. In the wake of the French Revolution, French troops occupied the county. The Jacobean MP André-Antoine Bernard proclaimed annexation to France on October 10, 1793. Duke Frederick II finally ceded these areas to France in the Paris Treaty of 1796. For this purpose, Württemberg received extensive areas in southern Germany in the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of February 25, 1803 and the Peace of Pressburg of December 26, 1805. The area of ​​the county was divided into four cantons, which were initially connected to the Haute-Saône department . Three cantons ( Audincourt , Désandans and Montbéliard ) came to the Mont-Terrible department on 1st Ventôse V (February 19, 1797) (the fourth - Clairegoutte - remained with Haute-Saône). In 1800, Mont-Terrible was incorporated into the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine ) department. In 1815 the three cantons returned to Haute-Saône. The Congress of Vienna confirmed France in possession of Mömpelgard.

Imperial estate

Since 1559 at the latest, the county had its own right to vote ( viril vote ) on the Reichstag in the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation , although counties otherwise only had a share in a curate vote due to their membership in a count bank . Only the actual county (without the other rulers belonging to it) was imperial and established the imperial estate. It is also strange that the county paid no imperial taxes and did not belong to any imperial district.

Counts of Mömpelgard

Dukes of Württemberg-Mömpelgard

(Mömpelgard as " prince county ")

Extent of the county

Painting of the city "Mümpelgart" in the Bebenhausen monastery

The county of Montbéliard consisted of the lordships of Montbéliard, Blamont , Clémont, Châtelot, Héricourt , Grange, Clerval , Passavant and Franquemont .

The following places belonged to the individual rulers:

1. Montbéliard (part of Württemberg since 1397)

Allenjoie ; Allondans ; Arbouans ; Audincourt (shared with Blamont); Bathing level ; Beard ; Bavans ; Bélian; Belverne ; Bethoncourt ; Beutal ; Bretigney ; Brognard ; Champey ; Clairegoutte ; Coisevaux ; Courcelles ; Couthenans ; Dambenois ; Dampierre-les-Bois ; Dasle (joint rule with Blamont); Désandans ; Manure ; Échenans ; Essouavre (today Saulnot ); Etobon ; Étouvans ; Étupes ; Exincourt ; Fesches-le-Châtel ; Frédéric-Fontaine ; Forges; Grand-Charmont ; Issans ; Saint-Julien ; Laire ; Le Vernoy ; Lougres ; Magny-Danigon ; Mandeure ; Sainte-Marie ; Montbeliard; Nommay ; Presentevillers ; Raynans ; Semondans ; Sochaux ; Sainte-Suzanne ; Waist court ; Trémoins ; Valentigney ; Vieux-Charmont ; Villers-la-Boissière (today to Valentigney); Voujeaucourt .

2. Blamont (acquired in 1506/07, under French sovereignty since 1748 )

Autechaux-lès-Blamont (now part of Autechaux-Roide ); Bondeval ; Beaucourt ; Blamont; Damvant ; Dannemarie ; Écurcey ; Glay ; Hérimoncourt ; Meslières ; Montbouton ; Pierre-Fontaine ; Réclère ; Roches ; Seloncourt ; Thulay ; Villars-lès-Blamont ; Vandoncourt .

3. Clémont (acquired 1506/07)

Dampjoux ; Liebvillers ; Montécheroux ; Noire Fontaine ; Posay (Le Poset, to Dampjoux); Villars-sous-Dampjoux .

4. Châtelot (acquired 1506/07)

Colombier-Châtelot ; Colombier Fontaine ; Blussangeaux ; Blussans ; Longevelle-sur-Doubs ; Saint-Maurice .

5. Héricourt (acquired in 1506/07, under French sovereignty since 1748)

Brevilliers ; Bussurel ; Byans ; Chagey ; Chenebier ; Échenans-sous-Mont-Vaudois ; Échavanne ; Genechier ; Héricourt; Mandrevillars ; Tavey ; Saint-Valbert ; Verlans ; Vyans .

6. Grange (acquired in 1397)

Accolans ; Andornay ; Arcey ; Bournois ; Chavannes ; Corcelles (today in Saulnot); Crevans ; Courbenans ; Courchaton ; Courmont ; Faimbe ; Faymont ; Saint-Ferjeux ; Frotey-lès-Lure ; Gémonval ; Georfans ; Gonvillars ; Granges-la-Ville ; Granges-le-Bourg ; Lomont ; Lomontot ; Lyoffans ; Magny-Jobert ; Malval ; Marvelise ; Medière ; Mignafans ; Mignavillers ; Moffans ; Montenois ; Onans ; Palante ; Romain ; Saulnot ; Secenans ; Vacheresse ; Vellechevreux ; Villa fans ; Villers-sur-Saulnot .

7. Clerval (acquired 1397)

Bois-la-Ville ; Burn ; Chaux-lès-Clerval ; Clerval ; Court; Grand Crosey ; Roche-lès-Clerval ; Santoche .

8. Passavant (acquired in 1397)

Bremondans ; Chaux-lès-Passavant ; Courtetain ; Crosey-le-Petit ; Domprel ; Germéfontaine ; Grand'-Fontaine ; Landresse ; Leugney ; Orsans ; Passavant; Pierre-Fontaine ; Servin ; La Sommette ; Vellerot-lès-Belvoir .

9. Franquemont (acquired in 1595)

Goumois ; Gourgouton ; Vautenaivre.

literature

  • Sönke Lorenz , Peter Rückert (eds.): Württemberg and Mömpelgard. 600 years of encounter. / Montbéliard - Wurtemberg, 600 ans de relations (= writings on Southwest German regional studies. Volume 26). DRW-Verlag Weinbrenner, Leinfelden-Echterdingen 1999, ISBN 3-87-181426-1
  • Carl Wilhelm von Lancizolle : Overview of the German imperial and territorial conditions: before the French Revolutionary War , the changes that have occurred since then and the current components of the German Confederation and the federal states . Dümmler, Berlin 1830 [reprinted by Olms, Hildesheim / Zurich / New York 2003, ISBN 3-487-11896-3 ] ( digitized version ).
  • Johann Jacob Moser : Of those Teutschen Reichs-estates, who create Reichs-Knights, also to the other immediate Reichs-Glidern. [Without publisher's information], Frankfurt am Main 1767, pp. 603–608 ( online in the Google book search ).
  • L (ouis-Marie) Prudhomme (ed.): Dictionnaire géographique et méthodique de la République francaise, en CXX départemens , tome second. Paris, at VII (1798)
  • Terrence M. Punch: Homeland, Refuge, Way Station: Montbéliard 1570 - 1770, in German-Canadian Yearbook, 16, ed. Lothar Zimmermann, Hartmut Froeschle , Myka Burke. Historical Society of Mecklenburg, Upper Canada , Toronto 2000 ISSN  0316-8603

Web links

Commons : Württemberg-Mömpelgard  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 80th voice; see: Carl Wilhelm von Lancizolle: Overview of the German imperial estate and territorial relationships ... , p. 4
  2. ↑ Séance du vingt-quatrième jour du premier mois de l'année II . In: French National Assembly (ed.): Archives parlementaires . tape 76 , p. 566-567 (French).
  3. ↑ Catherine Costes: LE FONDS DU BUREAU DES ÉMIGRÉS. (pdf) Accessed November 10, 2018 (French).
  4. ^ Archives of the Congress of Vienna . tape 1 . Verlag Friedrich Campe, Nuremberg 1815, p. 61 ( GoogleBooks ).
  5. ↑ see JJ Moser: Of those Teutschen Reichs-estates ...
  6. ^ The takeover of government in the county of Mömpelgard took place before his takeover in Württemberg in 1417.