Heinrich Neumann (psychiatrist)

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Heinrich Neumann

Heinrich Wilhelm Neumann (born January 17, 1814 in Breslau , † October 14, 1884 in Pöpelwitz near Breslau, today Popowice in Wrocław) was a German psychiatrist who made a lasting name for himself in the early philosophy of science in his field.

Life

Heinrich Neumann received his doctorate in Breslau in 1836 and was then regimental surgeon. During the revolution, he tried to introduce a "constitutional administration" as an assistant in the Silesian institution Leubus . All staff groups should have a seat and vote. Neumann described the traditional psychiatrists as an "established caste". As a result, it was no longer portable in Leubus. During the Polish uprising from 1849-1850 he was a military doctor. In 1852 he founded the private insane asylum Pöpelwitz near Breslau, which he referred to as a "medical institution" and of which he was the director. In 1859 he published his “ textbook on psychiatry ” at the Erlangen sanatorium under A. Solbrig . This book was divided into three parts:

  1. Physiological introduction
  2. General pathology
  3. Special pathology and therapy

In the second part Neumann dealt with psychiatric disease theory. Christian Roller , the founder of Illenau , a pioneering institution for European psychiatry , emphasized in his 1831 book "The insane asylum after all its relationships" that occupational therapy is a means of medical treatment, not an economic measure. He feared, however, that Johann Michael Leupoldt and Neumann in Erlangen would seem to turn the psychiatry into "almost a workhouse ". Neumann had been a full professor since 1862. In 1867 he headed the psychiatric department of the All Saints Hospital in Breslau. In 1874 he was appointed director of the Wroclaw University Psychiatric Clinic. In 1881 he sold the Pöpelwitz institution. In 1883 his work "Guide to Psychiatry" was published.

Services

Heinrich Neumann is considered to be one of the first establishment founders in Germany. He has made a lasting name for himself in psychiatry through the concept of unit psychosis . He is considered the "forefather" of psychiatry because different generations of psychiatrists have referred to him. Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum , the founder of clinical psychiatry in Germany, followed up Johann Spielmann and Heinrich Neumann by making the course of the disease an important criterion for assessing the severity of the disease. Emil Kraepelin took up this idea again with Kahlbaum. In addition, Neumann is considered to be the founder of the “analytical method” in psychiatry. This gave decisive impulses for Carl Wernicke and Sigmund Freud .

Works

  • Psychiatry textbook . 1859.
  • Guide to Psychiatry . 1883.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Neumann, Heinrich: Textbook of Psychiatry . Erlangen 1859, 242 pages, 309 paragraphs.
  2. ↑ Degkwitz, Rudolf et al. (Ed.): Mentally ill . Introduction to Psychiatry for Clinical Study. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-541-09911-9 ; Page 360.
  3. ^ A b Peters, Uwe Henrik : Lexicon of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Medical Psychology . Urban & Fischer, Munich 6 2007; ISBN 978-3-437-15061-6 ; Page 387 (online) .
  4. ^ A b Dörner, Klaus : Citizens and Irre . On the social history and sociology of science in psychiatry. [1969] Fischer Taschenbuch, Bücher des Wissens, Frankfurt / M 1975, ISBN 3-436-02101-6 ; Page 312 f., 314.
  5. ↑ Jaspers, Karl : Allgemeine Psychopathologie . Springer, Berlin 9 1973, ISBN 3-540-03340-8 ; Appendix § 4 History of Psychopathology as a Science. Describers and analysts, page 708.
personal data
SURNAME Neumann, Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Neumann, Heinrich Wilhelm (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German psychiatrist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH January 17, 1814
PLACE OF BIRTH Wroclaw
DATE OF DEATH October 14, 1884
Place of death Wroclaw