Hendrik Ebo Kaspers

Hendrik Ebo Kaspers (born February 11, 1869 in Reiderwolderpolder , Oldambt municipality ; † July 24, 1953 in Santpoort , Velsen municipality ) was a Dutch author, editor, organizer, anti-militarist and anarchist .

Life

Hendrik E. Kaspers attended secondary school ( Hogere burgerschool , HBO) in Winschoten . He was unable to do heavy physical work due to an overgrowth in his spine. He wanted to work in the book trade, but his father forbade that, who placed him in a grocery store. In 1892 Kaspers was secretary of the department “General Suffrage” in Finsterwolde of the Sociaal-Democratische Bond (“Social Democratic League”, SDB), in which the Dutch anarchist Bartholomeus van Ommeren was also involved. Through the propaganda trips of the Dutch anarchist Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis he came into contact with socialism and in 1892 with anarchism. In 1894 he published the anarchist paper De Voortbrenger , which only appeared with one edition. In 1896 Kaspers took over the editing of the socialist weekly De Arbeider ("The Worker"), published by Tjerk Luitjes (1867-1946), and financed the paper. Luitjes called for a revolution in the magazine and threatened employers who treated their employees disadvantageously. Kaspers became the administrator of the company "Luitjes and Kaspers".

A year earlier he was the editor of De Anarchist magazine and was a member of the Geneeskundige Rad von Drenthe und Overijssel . In 1901 he bought a farm that was run by a farming community. However, the project failed. Kaspers was a vegetarian and supporter of the naturopathic method ("Natuurgeneeswijze") and active in the Algemeen Nederlandsche Geheelonderhouderbond ("Algemeiner Dutch Abstinenzlerbund", ANGOB), founded by Lodewijk van Mierop with chairman Jacob van Rees . During World War I he made anti-military propaganda for the International Anti -Militarist Association (IAMV), for which Johan de Haas appeared as a speaker. Kaspers signed the Dienstweigeraarsmanifest ("Manifesto for Conscientious Objectors"), which was also signed by van Mierop, Jan Sterringa (who, unlike the others, was not convicted) and Bart de Ligt , who were sentenced to fifteen days in prison for this.

The Christian anarchist Année Rinzes de Jong was sentenced to four weeks in prison for signing the hired man manifesto .

Kaspers founded a federation of social anarchists in 1915 ("Federatie van Sociaal-Anarchisten"). Because of an illness he was forced to give up the work as editor of the magazine De Arbeider , but remained active for the anti-militarism, the "social anarchism" and in the Comité Misdaad en Straf ("Committee for Crime and Punishment"), where also Clara Gertrud Wichmann was active. Under the editorship of Bart de Ligt, Albert de Jong and Kaspers, the paper De Vrije Samenleving was published by the Sociaal Anarchistische Verbond (Social Anarchist Federation, SAV). Until the 1930s Kaspers published in the Socialist Almanak ("Socialist Almanac") and in the Anarchist Jaarboekje ("Anarchist Yearbook").

After the Second World War he was with the Nederlandse Bond van Vrije Socialisten ("Dutch Association for Free Socialists") and published for the magazine Socialisme van Onderop (as much as: "Socialism from below").

Hendrik Ebo Kaspers was married and the father of eight children.

See also

Anarchism in the Netherlands

literature

• Jannes Houkes: Hendrik Ebo Kaspers en de landbouwkolonie "de Solidairen" te Midlaren 1902–1905. Sociological Instituut, 1981.
• P. Brood, Willem Foorthuis, Jan Bos: Drentse biografieën: levensbeschrijvingen van bekende en onbekende Drenten. Uitgevereij Boom, Amsterdam 1989, pp. 100, 101, 103.
• Willem Foorthuis: Multatuli en Groningen: zijn lezingen in stad en lande en zijn invloed op maatschappij-herrormers, with ongepubliceerde documenten Auteurs. Rijksuniversiteit te Groningen. Bibliotheek, Veenkoloniaal Museum. Uitgever Universiteitsbibliotheek, 1987, ISBN 90-367-0057-4 , p. 57.
• Kaspers 80 years. In: Socialisme van Onderop! February 5, 1949.
• J. Houkes: Een politieke biography van de Groninger anarchist Tjerk Luitjes 1884–1910 . Groningen 1985.
• Piet Hoekman: Een Eeuw socialisme en arbeidersbeweging in Groningen, 1885–1985. Uitgeverij Wolters-Noordhoff, 1986, ISBN 90-6243-053-8 , pp. 49, 50, 255.

Web links

• De Geheelonthouder . PDF. Information about the magazine (Dutch)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Jannes Houkes: Portrait: HE Kaspers. Originally published in Biografisch Woordenboek van het Socialisme en de Arbeidersbewegung in Nederland (BWSA 1, 1986, pp. 55-57.) Last change on August 21, 2002. In the IISG (Amsterdam). Dutch, accessed October 10, 2012.
2. ↑ Brief information on Google Books
3. ↑ See: Willem Foorthuis: Multatuli en Groningen: zijn lezing in stad en lande en zijn invloed op maatschappij-herrormers, met ongepubliceerde documenten. P. 57.
4. ↑ Brief information on Google Books
5. ↑ See on this: P. Brood, Willem Foorthuis, Han Bos: Drentse biografieën: levensbeschrijvingen van bekende en onbekende Drenten. P. 100.
6. ^ De Geschiedenis van het Humanitarisme in Nederland . Brief information about: Voorzitter Uitvoerend Comité Sociaal Anarchist Verbond. December 1925 lid uitvoerend Comité IAMB Lijst revolutionairen (1925). Editor Vrije Samenleving. Aanmelding ondertekening Denial of Service Manifesto Mobiliseren (1925 en 1927, 1931). Steunfonds voor Slachtoffers van Principieel en Daadwerkelijk antimilitarisme (1931). Editor De Arbeider (1891). Dutch, accessed October 10, 2012.