Henry Windsor Villiers Stuart

Henry Windsor Villiers Stuart , also called Villiers-Stuart , (born September 13, 1827 , † October 12, 1895 near Villierstown , Ireland) was a British politician , traveler and Egyptologist .

origin

Henry Villiers Stuart was the only son of Henry Villiers-Stuart, 1st Baron Stuart de Decies , a grandson of the 1st Marquess of Bute , and Theresia Pauline Ott from Austria . Since his parents were only married according to the Catholic rite and his mother was also married to an Austrian officer beforehand, he was considered illegitimate throughout his life .

Life

In 1844 he joined the Austrian Chevauxlegers Regiment No. 5 “Prince of Liechtenstein” as an ensign . In 1846 he moved as an ensign in a cavalry regiment of the British Army . However, he left the army in 1847 to study Anglican theology at Durham University . There he graduated with a Master of Arts degree in 1852 , but by 1850 he had become vicar in Bulkington , Warwickshire . After the death of his strictly Catholic mother in 1867, his father tried to persuade him to move to Ireland, so that Stuart-Villiers finally resigned his position as vicar in 1870 and moved in with his father. In 1873 he was elected to the House of Commons in a by-election as a member of the House of Commons for County Waterford , but lost his mandate in the 1874 general election. In the 1880 general election, he was re-elected as a member of Waterford. Originally it belonged to the Liberal Party of Gladstone on, but later he approached much of the Irish Home Rule League in. In the House of Commons, he was a strong advocate for the impoverished Irish farm laborers affected by the conversion of arable land into pastureland, and for women's suffrage . His commitment to the farm workers led to the fact that he was clearly defeated in the general election in 1885.

After his father's death in 1874, he inherited his extensive property of over 120 km ² in Ireland and other lands in Florida. However, since he could not prove his legitimate birth, he could not enforce his claims to the title of his father. He went on extensive trips abroad and was considered a respected Egyptologist and expert on the Middle East . Among other things, he himself began excavations in 1879 at the grave of the vizier Ramose and in 1882 and 1883 at the solar sanctuary of Niuserre . He died when he slipped while boarding his steam yacht Gazelle , fell into the water and drowned in his heavy coat in the Blackwater River .

Family and offspring

Stuart-Villiers married Mary Power on August 3, 1865. They had the following children:

1. Henry Charles Windsor Villiers Stuart (1867-1908)
2. Gerald Villiers Stuart
3. Maurice Ambrose Villiers Stuart (1870-1932)
4. Horace Gervase Villiers Stuart
5. Mary Therese Villiers Stuart (1875-1926)
6. Gertrude Gwendoline Villiers Stuart
7. Patrick Villiers Stuart
8. Mary Villiers Stuart (1881-1922)
9. Winifred Frances Villiers Stuart

Publications

• Nile gleanings concerning the ethnology, history and art of ancient Egypt as revealed by Egyptian paintings and bas-reliefs. With descriptions of Nubia and its great rock temples . Murray, London 1879
• The funeral tent of an Egyptian queen . Murray, London 1882
• Egypt after the war. Being the narrative of a tour of inspection ... Murray, London 1883
• Observations and statistics concerning the question of Irish agricultural laborers . Committee on Irish Affairs by Wyman & Sons, London 1884
• Prices of farm products in Ireland from year to year for thirty-six years . Hodges, Figgis, and Co., Dublin 1886

literature

• Constantin von Wurzbach : Stuart von Dranmore, Henry . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 40th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1880, p. 114 f. ( Digitized version ).
• JR MacDonald: Stuart, Henry Windsor Villiers. In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Volume 53: Strang – Taylor. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861403-9 , pp. 158–159, ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of 2004
• Morris L. Bierbrier: Who was who in Egyptology . 4th revised edition. Egypt Exploration Society. London 2012, ISBN 978-0-85698-207-1 , p. 531.
• Ian d'Alton: A First Voice . Henry Villiers Stuart (1827-95) and the Cause of the Irish Agricultural Laborers . In: Carla King: Defying the Law of the Land. Agrarian Radicals in Irish History . eBook, The History Press, New York 2013. ISBN 978-0-7524-9952-9

Web links

• Henry Windsor Villiers-Stuart, on thepeerage.com , accessed July 28, 2015.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Sigrid Hodel-Hoenes: Life and death in ancient Egypt. Scenes from private tombs in new kingdom Thebes. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, 2000, ISBN 0-8014-8507-X , p. 45
2. ↑ Susanne Voss: Investigations into the sun sanctuaries of the 5th dynasty . Dissertation, Hamburg 2004, p. 60 ( full text )