Hermann Schwarz (philosopher)

Hermann (Cuno) Schwarz (born December 22, 1864 in Düren , † December 12, 1951 in Darmstadt ) was a German professor of philosophy .

Life

Schwarz studied mathematics and philosophy in Halle. In 1908 he received a professorship in Marburg . In 1910 he switched to a chair at the University of Greifswald . He was editor of the magazine for philosophy and philosophical criticism .

Together with Bruno Bauch, Schwarz co-founded the German Philosophical Society in 1917/18 , which saw itself as an alternative to the Kant studies . Its statutory purpose was "the maintenance, deepening and preservation of German characteristics in the field of philosophy".

Schwarz joined the NSDAP in 1923. In March 1933 he signed the declaration of 300 university lecturers for Adolf Hitler . Schwarz retired in 1938. Adolf Hitler awarded him the Goethe Medal for Art and Science in 1939 .

After the end of the Second World War , numerous writings by Schwarz were placed on the list of literature to be segregated in the Soviet occupation zone .

"On the philosophical foundation of National Socialism"

Schwarzen's philosophy included the idea that man naturally has to understand the meaning of his existence from his blood . The common Nordic blood will only truly exist for the individual if he is allowed to experience it collectively, nationally , affirmatively and then filled with infinite happiness ( inner infinity ).

“The fact that we experience ourselves as a unity on the natural basis of our common blood means that this unity lies in our soul as an eternal meaning. Our blood, whose Nordic way we rejoice, is subject to the law of nature. It runs separately in many veins - that is its spatial dispersion - and it is transient in these veins. But now we do not imagine the unity of the people of this blood in our mind, we do not add up to one another, but we feel filled with an inner infinity when we affirm our spiritual community in the equality of our blood. A supra-individual, unified life will exist in each of us, which will also exist in all others who experience völkisch. "

For this purpose, the individual is to be lifted up as an individual in a higher unity. The people as a community of blood become the size to be affirmed: "No longer the individual, but the whole people are individuals ." In relativism and materialism , Schwarz saw a hostile attitude towards the "smashing of nations". In the Soviet Union, the souls of the people were buried through Judaism and Bolshevism .

“In Russia all ideas were first killed by a relativistically thinking intelligentsia . The intelligentsia, divided into a thousand opinions, was then beaten to death by the masses , and now the Jew, with 300,000 upper councilors , rules over 150 million Slavs who have become slaves because they have got rid of their native leaders. With the Cheka , Estonian and Manchurian battalions, the Russian soul has been shoveled into the grave. "

Fonts

• The problem of perception (1892)
• What does critical realism want? (1894)
• Principles of Ethics (1896)
• Psychology of the will to lay the foundations of ethics (1900)
• The moral life (1901)
• Happiness and morality . 1902.
• Modern materialism . 1904; second edition, 1912.
• The thought of God in the history of philosophy . Winter, Heidelberg 1913.
• Spruce and us. Six lectures , held at the Lauterberg Weltanschauungswoche October 2-7, 1916, Zickfeld, Osterwieck / Leipzig 1917.
• Conscience of the world or conscience of the fatherland . Kayser, Erfurt 1919.
• The given. A philosophy of religion and values . Mohr-Siebeck Verlag, Thübingen 1921.
• About ideas of God by great thinkers. Six university lectures . (Philosophical Series, Volume 12.) Rösl & Cie. Munich 1922
• Ethics Ferd. Shepherd, Breslau 1925.
• Ethics of patriotism . H. Beyer, Langensalza 1926.
• God in the people . H. Beyer, Langensalza 1928.
• God, beyond theism and pantheism . Junker and Dünnhaupt, Berlin 1928.
• War guilt lie and our duty . Ratsbuchhandlung L. Bamberg, Greifswald 1928.
• Community and idea . W. de Gruyter, Berlin 1930.
• Systematic self-presentation . Junker and Dünnhaupt, Berlin 1933.
• National Socialist Weltanschauung. Free contributions to the philosophy of National Socialism from the years 1919–1933 . Junker and Dünnhaupt, Berlin 1933.
• Christianity, National Socialism and the German Faith Movement . Junker and Dünnhaupt, Berlin 1934. 2nd edition 1938.
• Ekkehart the German. Folk religion on the rise . Junker and Dünnhaupt, Berlin 1935
• On the philosophical foundation of National Socialism . Writings of the German University of Politics . 1. The Idea and Shape of National Socialism , Issue 17, Berlin 1936.
• German belief at the crossroads . Junker and Dünnhaupt, Berlin 1936.
• The Irmin column as a symbol of German folk belief in God . Junker and Dünnhaupt, Berlin 1937.
• Basic features of a history of art-German philosophy . Junker and Dünnhaupt, Berlin 1937.
• German knowledge of God then and now . Breakthrough Publishing House, Stuttgart 1938.
• Collected Works . Junker and Dünnhaupt, Berlin 1940.
• Eternity. A German commitment . Junker and Dünnhaupt, Berlin 1941.

literature

• Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich . Who was what before and after 1945 . 2nd Edition. Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 .
• Christoph Henning: Hermann Schwarz's way of thinking. From unselfish acting to acting eternity: 53 years of philosophy in Germany (1892-1945) , master's thesis TU Dresden 1999, 148 pp.

Web links

• Literature by and about Hermann Schwarz in the catalog of the German National Library
• Literature about Hermann Schwarz in the state bibliography MV
• The Ungiven - archive.org (PDF; 19 MB)

Individual evidence

1. ^ In addition, the Festschrift Hermann Schwarz as a philosopher of German renewal. For the 70th birthday of Hermann Schwartz (Junker & Dünnhaupt, Berlin 1935) and Martin Herpels Hermann Schwarz and the Nordic idea (Klein, Leipzig 1933). [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] .
2. ↑ Hermann Schwarz: On the philosophical foundation of National Socialism , Berlin 1936, p. 6.
3. ↑ Hermann Schwarz: On the philosophical foundation of National Socialism , Berlin 1936, p. 17.
4. ↑ Hermann Schwarz in a 1926 lecture to the “Association of German Students” on “The Jewish Danger”, printed in: Hermann Schwarz: Politisch-philosophische Schriften (= Ges. Works Volume 1), Berlin 1940, p. 46. Quoted from: Christian Tilitzki : The German University in the Weimar Republic and in the Third Reich. Akademie, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-05-003647-8 , p. 509.

predecessor	Office	successor
Johannes Kunze	Rector of the University of Greifswald in 1922	Theodor Vahlen