Hermann Trautschold

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Hermann Trautschold

Hermann Trautschold , even Hermann Adolf Trautschold and Hermann von Trautschold , Russian Герман Адольфович Траутшольд , transcription German Adolfowitsch Trautschold , born Gustaf Heinrich Ludwig Hermann Trautschold ( 17th September 1817 in Berlin , † 22. October 1902 in Karlsruhe ) was a German-Russian geologist and paleontologist.

Life

Trautschold was the son of a businessman. He attended grammar school in Spandau and then went on to become a pharmacist in Charlottenburg and (as a one-year volunteer) at the pharmacy of the Charité, which was then part of the military. He then studied natural sciences at the University of Berlin with Heinrich Rose , Eilhard Mitscherlich , with the botanist Heinrich Friedrich Link , whose assistant he was, and with Karl Sigismund Kunth . In 1844/45 he was on a botanical collecting trip in Spain and then studied mineralogy, crystallography and chemistry in Giessen with Justus von Liebig and was one of his assistants. During this time, Wilhelm Trautschold , his older brother, also lived in Gießen as a drawing teacher and portrait painter. In 1847, Hermann Trautschold received his doctorate from the University of Giessen (without a written dissertation). At Liebig, Trautschold met several Russian chemists. From 1847 to 1849 he was on a study trip to Italy, Germany and Russia and then a private tutor for the Luginin family in Russia ( Gouvernement Kostroma ), where he regularly undertook geological excursions in central Russia, and then until 1857 a teacher at a private school in Prussia. From 1857 he again undertook a geological study trip to Russia and stayed there as a private tutor, was from 1863 as a lecturer for German at the University of Moscow and from 1868 lecturer at an agriculture and forestry academy run by Peter near Moscow. Since he wanted to stay in Russia, he acquired his master's degree at the University of Dorpat, which belongs to Russia, in 1869 (on secular uplifts and subsidence of the earth's surface) and received his doctorate there in 1871 (on Klin'schen sandstone). From 1871 until his retirement in 1888 he was professor of mineralogy and geology at the Agricultural Academy. In 1888 he went back to Germany. He lived in Breslau, from 1894 in Freiburg and from 1897 in Karlsruhe. He was buried in Heidelberg.

Trautschold researched the paleontology of the Jurassic and Cretaceous in Russia, especially in the area around Moscow and on the Volga, and also about paleozoic finds (carbon near Moscow). He described many new species, especially invertebrate fossils (ammonites, sea lilies, etc.), but also published about reptiles from the Permian near Kazan and fish remains from the Devonian near Tula. In 1862 he published paleogeographic maps of the distribution of land and sea in the Jura of European Russia.

Some of his collections went to Strasbourg and Lisbon, but are no longer preserved. In Russia, a large part of his collection is in the Vernadsky State Geology Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow. He was a follower of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution and supported it with paleontological findings and his teaching. In Russia, he therefore also sponsored the Darwinist and paleontologist Vladimir Onufrijewitsch Kowalewski . He contributed to the appreciation of Alexander von Humboldt in Russia.

From 1872 to 1886 he was secretary of the Imperial Society of Naturalists in Moscow . In 1884 he became a member of the Leopoldina , in 1894 an honorary member of the Silesian Society for Patriotic Culture and he was a member of the German Geological Society and an honorary member of the Belgian Geological Society.

Fonts

  • About petrefacts from the Aral Sea, Moscow 1859 Google Books
  • A memorial sheet for Alexander von Humboldt, Bulletin de la Société impériale des naturalistes de Moscou, Volume 32, 1859, pp. 291-301 Google Books
  • with J. Auerbach: About the coals of Central Russia, Moscow, 1860 Google Books
  • Transitions and intermediate varieties, Moscow 1861 Google Books
  • The Moscow Jura, compared with the West European, Journal of the German Geological Society, Volume 13, 1861, pp. 361-452 Archives
  • About the chalk deposits in the Governorate of Moscou, Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, Volume 34, 1861, pp. 432-457.
  • Nomenclator palaentologicus of the Jurassic Formations in Russia, Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, Volume 35, 1862, pp. 356-407.
  • On the fauna of the Russian Jura, Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, Volume 39, 1866, pp. 1-24.
  • About secular uplifts and subsidence of the earth's surface, C. Mattiesen, Dorpat 1869 Archive
  • Der Klin'sche Sandstein, C. Mattiesen, Dorpat 1871 Google Books
  • The Klin'sche sandstone, Nouveaux Mémoires de la Societé Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, Volume 13, 1871, pp. 191-260.
  • The basics of geology (Russian), 3 volumes, 1872, 1875, 1877
  • Fish scraps from the Devonian of the Tula governorate, Moscow 1874 Google Books
  • The Myachkova limestone quarries. A monograph of the upper mountain limestone, Nouveaux Mémoires de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, Volume 13, 1876, 275-324, 325-374, Volume 14, 1879, 1-82
  • About the chalk fossils of Russia, Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, Volume 52, 1877, pp. 332-349.
  • About an Ichthyosaurus fin from the Moscow Kimmeridge, Negotiations of the Russian Imperial Mineralogical Society, Volume 14, 1879, pp. 168-173.
  • About fish teeth of the Moscow Jura, Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, Volume 55, 1880, pp. 193-197.
  • On the question of the sinking of the sea surface, Moscow 1880
  • The remains of the Permian reptiles of the paleontological cabinet of the University of Kazan, Moscow 1884
  • Le Néocomien de Sably en Crimée, Nouveaux Mémoires de la Societé Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, Volume 15, 1886, pp. 119-145.

literature

  • Elena Roussanova: Trautschold, Hermann Adolf (von), In: Personal database for the project "Scientific relations in the 19th century between Germany and Russia in the fields of chemistry, pharmacy and medicine" at the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig, 2013, online
  • Iraida Starodubtseva: Trautschold's Collection in the Verndadsky State Geological Collection of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, Russia), Scripta Geologica Special Issue, Volume 4, 2004, pp. 249-252, Naturalis, Leiden, pdf
  • I. Starodubtseva, VV Mitta: German Adolfowitsch Trautschold (Russian), Bulletin Moskauer Ges. Naturforscher, Geologische Reihe, Volume 77, 2002, pp. 78-86.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Where Adolf is a back translation of the patronymn name Adolfowitsch into German
  2. Member entry of Hermann von Trautschold at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on March 8, 2016.
  3. ↑ Directory of members of the German Geological Society 1878 digitized