Hermann von Wrangel
Hermann von Wrangel (born June 29, 1587 in Estonia , † December 11, 1643 in Riga ) Swedish Field Marshal and Governor General of Livonia .
Life
Hermann von Wrangel came from the old Baltic noble family Wrangel . He was the son of Hans Wrangel († 1593), a district administrator and Swedish Rittmeister in Estonia, and his wife Barbara Anrep († 1628).
Hermann von Wrangel entered the Swedish service with the Östergötland riders at an early age. He attracted attention and was assigned administrative tasks: in 1612 he was in command of Ivangorod Fortress , in 1616 he was in command of Kalmar Castle and in 1619 he was appointed in command of Älvsborg Fortress . In 1621 he was promoted to field marshal and in 1623 became governor in Kalmar and colonel of the Småland regiment, and in 1625 he became governor of Jönköping . In 1627 King Gustav II Adolf appointed him governor of Elbing . The city fell to the Swedes on July 14, 1626 and was an important supply port during the Polish-Swedish War . In Marienburg he was elected commander in chief.
As part of this war, he advanced on February 1, 1629 with an army of 6,000 men against the Polish army under Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki , which was in the small west Prussian town of Strasburg in winter quarters. In West Prussia there was the Battle of Górzno ( Gorzno ) on February 12, 1629 , where he was victorious. Wrangel pursued the Poles as far as Thorn , but could not take the city himself. On February 13th he was back in Elbing. On October 26, 1629, the Altmark armistice was finally concluded for six years.
In 1630 he was appointed Imperial Councilor and in 1632 Governor of Prussia. In September 1635 Hermann von Wrangel negotiated a peace treaty between Poland and Sweden in the Treaty of Stuhmsdorf . The contract was signed on September 12, 1635. On January 12, 1636, the Swedes under Wrangel Elbing evacuated and returned it to the Duke of Prussia . The field marshal now fought with Johan Banér . But there were always arguments between them. Wrangel had already offered to resign in July 1637. In autumn 1637 heavy fighting broke out in Western Pomerania . Wrangel had to withdraw to Greifswald, his General Vitzthum von Eckstätt could no longer prevent imperial troops under General Gallas from crossing the Peene . Almost the entire army was wiped out in the fighting.
The Swedish government ordered Wrangel back to Sweden on April 6, 1638. His son Carl Gustav , who had accompanied him as a colonel, became major general and took his place. Herman von Wrangel went to his Skokloster Castle , but the current building was not built by his son until 1670.
In 1643 he was appointed governor general of Livonia. He moved into Riga on September 3 and died there in December of the same year and was buried in a grave chapel in the Skokloster church . The burial chapel was designed by the sculptor and plasterer Daniel Anckermann .
family
Hermann von Wrangel was married three times.
His first marriage was to Baroness Magaretha von Grip (1586-1624). Dar couple married on December 1, 1612. She was the daughter of Reichsrat Moritz Birgersson von Grip and Countess Edla Leijenhufvnd and related to the Swedish royal family.
- Carl Gustav (18 December 1613 - 24 June 1676), Swedish general ⚭ 1640 Anna Margareta von Haugwitz (1622–1673)
- Johann Moritz (born May 16, 1616 - January 10, 1665), Swedish general
- ⚭ March 28, 1638 Anna Baat († June 16, 1646)
- ⚭ June 26, 1652 Catharina Leijonhufvud (* October 22, 1628; † 1658)
- ⚭ February 24, 1660 Beate von Kagg (* June 28, 1638; †?)
In his second marriage he married Catharina von Gyldenstjerna (probably 1610-1629). She was the daughter of Carl Erikson von Gyldenstierna (* 1586; † 23 October 1621) and Anna von Ribbing (* 1576; † 1628).
- Adolf Hermann (* 1628; † June 16, 1656), Colonel ⚭ Elisabeth von Rosen
His third wife was Amalie Magdalena zu Nassau (* September 2, 1613, † August 24, 1669). The couple married on April 28, 1636 in Szczecin. She was the daughter of Johann VII von Nassau-Siegen and Margarethe von Holstein. In her second marriage she married Christian August Herzog von der Pfalz-Sulzbach , with whom she still had five children.
- Heinrich Wilhelm (* 1638; † November 20, 1643)
- Maria Christiane (* August 28, 1638; † December 17, 1691) ⚭ 1657 Kurt Christoph von Königsmarck (1634–1673)
- Johann Friedrich (born June 11, 1640 - † May 10, 1662)
- Wolmar Hermann (born November 1, 1641; † 1675); Lieutenant General of the Cavalry, Councilor ⚭ February 22, 1665 Christiane von Wasaborg (1644–1689)
- Heinrich Wilhelm (* 1643; † November 12, 1673), Rittmeister
- Magarethe Barbara (* 1642; † after 1707)
- Elisabeth Dorothea (1644–?) ⚭ Otto von Scheidingen (1637–1714)
1st wife: Magaretha Freiin von Grip (1586–1624)
2nd wife: Catharina von Gyldenstjerna (1610–1629)
literature
- Henry von Baensch: History of the von Wrangel Family . books.google.de
- Hermann Wrangel . In: Herman Hofberg, Frithiof Heurlin, Viktor Millqvist, Olof Rubenson (eds.): Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon . 2nd Edition. tape 2 : L – Z, including supplement . Albert Bonniers Verlag, Stockholm 1906, p. 745 (Swedish, runeberg.org ).
- Georg Gezelius: Försök til et biographiskt Lexicon öfver Namnkunnige Volume III. P. 423, books.google.de (Swedish)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Friedrich Rudolf von Rothenburg : Battles, sieges and skirmishes in Germany and the neighboring countries, from 1618 to 1629 . 3rd edition, Vienna 1835, p. 165.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Wrangel, Hermann von |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Swedish field marshal |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 29, 1587 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Estonia |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 11, 1643 |
| Place of death | Riga |