Wrangel

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Wrangel coat of arms

Wrangel , also Wrangell , is the name of a Baltic German noble family . The lords , barons and counts of Wrangel are among the most famous families of the Baltic nobility. Branches of the family still exist today in Germany , Sweden and the Baltic States .

history

The family first appeared in the 13th century in the then Danish Wierland , a historical landscape in the northeast of today's Estonia , and is probably of German-Danish origin. The Wrangel are tribal related to the Lords of Engdes († 18th century), as well as tribal and coat of arms related to the barons and counts of Löwenwolde († 19th century). Dominus Eilardus († 1241), wealthy on Wrangalæ , the later Wrangelshof (today Varangu near Haljala ) is regarded as the common progenitor of the Engdes and Wrangel . In any case, the family takes its name from this possession. As the oldest member secured applies to the 1277 as a vassal of the archbishopric of Riga called dominus Henricus de Wrangele († 1279). Almost at the same time, in 1282, dominus Johannes de Wrangelæ appeared in a document as a royal Danish vassal.

The sex had always played a major role in the fortunes of its home countries and distinguished itself particularly in the military field. In addition to a large number of important statesmen, it can boast seven field marshals , seven admirals and more than 30 generals . On the other hand, on June 27, 1709 alone , 22 sons of the family died off Poltava .

Spread and personalities

A coherent filiation of the medieval gender could not be shown beyond doubt. As early as the 14th century, five tribes were known, of which the three main tribes outlined below should be emphasized. At the beginning of the 20th century the family consisted of 16 houses. The descendants have spread not only in the areas of Livonia , but also in neighboring countries and other European states, and have acquired considerable possessions and influence. In the course of time various ranks have come to the sex. The Baltic and Russian houses, as well as the Prussian house, were awarded the title of baron or baron. Other members of the family acquired the Swedish baron class in 1653, the Swedish count in 1651, the Spanish in 1709 and the Prussian count in 1864.

Jeß-Itfer

The main line Jeß - Itfer begins with Thidericus Wrangele , which was mentioned in a document in 1346. This trunk branches out into numerous lines, branches and houses, from which many members have distinguished themselves before history. This tribe was also able to attract numerous, especially Swedish, uprisings.

From the Ellistfer line , the younger line with the Swedish field marshal and governor general of Livonia, Hermann von Wrangel (1587-1643), was accepted as Wrangel af Ellistfer in 1625 in the squire's class (No. 11) of the Swedish knight's house . In 1634 the introduction to the knight class (No. 24) followed. Since 1611 he was lord of Skokloster (former Sko monastery). His son, Field Marshal Carl Gustav Wrangel (1613–1676), was promoted to the Swedish count status (No. 13) as Wrangel af Salmis (after Salmi, now in the Republic of Karelia ). Around 1650 he had Spycker Castle rebuilt on Rügen, Wrangelsburg Castle built in Western Pomerania from 1652 , Wrangelsche Palais in Stralsund from 1660 and today's Skokloster Castle in the province of Uppland in Sweden around 1670 . His siblings, including the royal Swedish generals Johann Moritz Wrangel (1616–1665) and Wolmar Hermann Wrangel (1641–1675), were then raised to the Swedish baron status as Wrangel af Lindeberg in 1653 and introduced to the baron class (No. 41).

The royal Swedish Rittmeister Hermann Wrangel († 1675), heir to Ellistfer and Kayafer a . a. in Livonia, as well as Tolsburg , Nömküll and Jerwakant in Estonia, was raised to the Swedish baron status as Wrangel af Ludenhof in 1653 and introduced to the baron class of the Swedish knighthood (No. 55). His grandson, the Livonian district administrator, court judge and general economics director Carl Johann von Wrangell , heir to Ellistfer, Luhde (today Lugaži in the municipality of Valka, Latvia) and Warrol (today Vara, Tartumaa - formerly Dorpat district) was enrolled in the Livonian knighthood in 1747 . From this line, the brothers Johann Gustav Wrangel († 1787), Fredrik Göran Wrangel (1724–1810), Henrik Herman Wrangel († 1788) and Carl Erik Wrangel († 1802), all royal Swedish officers, received the Swedish nobility naturalization in 1772 and 1776 the introduction to the Swedish nobility class (No. 2092). Also in 1653, Hans Wrangel , heir to Luhde in Livonia, Allo in Estonia and Kymmenegård in Finland as Wrangel af Ludenhof was raised to the Swedish baron status and introduced to the baron class of Swedish knighthood (No. 55).

  • Luhde, Livonia

From the Itfer line , the royal Swedish major and later commander of Kalmar Otto Wilhelm Wrangel (1688–1747) received admission to the nobility class of the Swedish knighthood (No. 1850). His son, the royal Swedish first lieutenant Johann Wilhelm Wrangel af Sage och Waschel (1724–1786) was elevated to the status of a Swedish baron in 1765 and in 1776 to the local baron class (no. 268 ), while the name and coat of arms were combined with those of von Brehmer as Wrangel von Brehmer ) introduced.

Also from the Itfer line, the royal Swedish captain Wilhelm Gustav Wrangel (1695–1774) received the nobility naturalization as Wrangel af Fall 1734. Later in the rank of major he was introduced to the nobility class of the Swedish knighthood (No. 1859).

The line Itfer included the Imperial Russian Staff Captain and order judges in Walk , Baron Anton Otto von Wrangell to (1779-1863). He was hereditary lord on Maidel in Estonia and by marriage on Lude in Livonia and was admitted to the Livonian nobility registers in 1818 (No. 346), in 1855 the title of baron was recognized in Saint Petersburg (No. 7867, No. 9643).

The brothers Anton Johan Wrangel (1679–1763), royal Swedish captain and commander of the warship Wrangel , later vice admiral , admiralty and imperial council , and Otto Reinhold Wrangel (1681–1747), later royal Swedish major general of the infantry, who also belonged to the Itfer line came from were in 1723 in the Swedish nobility Swedish knighthood as af Wrangel Sauss introduces (no. 1770). (Named after Sauß, today Sauste, Estonia). In 1747 Anton Johann Wrangel was promoted to the status of a Swedish baron and in 1751 to the status of a Swedish count. In 1752 he was accepted into the baron class of the Swedish knighthood (No. 219). His sons, the Royal Swedish Colonel Johann Reinhold Wrangel (1717–1794) and the Royal Swedish Admiral and Supreme Commander of Karlskrona , as well as Commander in Chief of the Swedish Fleet Anton Johann Wrangel (1724–1799) were introduced to the Swedish count class in 1776 (No. 93) . The above Otto Reinhold Wrangel's sons, the Royal Swedish Major General Fredrik Ulrik Wrangel. (1719–1793) and the Royal Swedish General Feldzeugmeister Andreas Reinhold Wrangel , were promoted to the Swedish baron status in 1771 and introduced to the baron class of the Swedish knighthood in 1776 (No. 279). The latter, meanwhile Reichsrat, was raised to the Swedish count status in 1778 and enrolled in the count class of the Swedish knighthood in 1779 (No. 99). His descendants, the Erik siblings , royal Prussian lieutenants in the Fusilier Regiment 80 , Gabriele and Rutger Wrangel , received Baden recognition as counts in 1911 .

Höbbet – Addinal

The main line Höbbet - Addinal begins with Hermannus van Wranghele who was mentioned in a document between 1342 and 1382.

The line ables received in 1771 the Duke of Courland recognition for authorization to guide the coat of arms of the Swedish barons Wrangel af Lindberg without descent from this. The sons of the royal Prussian major general Friedrich Ernst von Wrangel (1720-1805), the royal Prussian lieutenant general and heir to Kurkenfeld in East Prussia Ludwig von Wrangel (1774-1851) and the Prussian lieutenant general Friedrich von Wrangel (1784-1877), were in 1841 with enrolled in the Pilsen knighthood. In 1853 the Prussian recognition of the hereditary baron status for the first named, in 1864 the elevation to the hereditary count status for the last named.

From the Addinal line , the royal Swedish admiralty lieutenant and governor of Österbotten , as well as the heir to Addinal, Dietrich Wrangell (1637–1706), was raised to the baron status as Wrangel af Adinal in 1680 with an introduction to the Swedish baron class of the Swedish knighthood (No. 81). In 1693 the same, now royal council, became Wrangel af Adinal. raised to the Swedish count class and introduced to the Swedish count class (No. 37). His nephew, the royal Swedish colonel and later Field Marshal Carl Heinrich Wrangel (1681–1755) was also named Wrangel af Adinal in 1731. Swedish baron class (No. 199) introduced, in 1747 he was enrolled in the Livonian knighthood.

Rojel – Jensel

The main trunk Rojel - Jensel took the pen Vogt of Tartu Eilard of Wranghele was mentioned in documents in the years 1374 and 1376 its beginning. Among others, Heinrich II. 1400–1410 Bishop of Dorpat and Moritz , 1558–1560 Bishop of Reval and Field Marshal Fabian von Wrangel († 1737), who was raised to the Spanish count status in 1709, belonged to this tribe. With the latter, this tribe became extinct.

coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows a three times tinned black bar (wall) on a silver shield. On the helmet with black and silver covers, the three times tinned black bar between an open silver flight.

Known family members

After Ferdinand von Wrangel are named:

The following is named after Friedrich von Wrangel :

After Carl Gustav Wrangel (1613–1676) is named:

literature

Web links

Commons : Wrangel  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k GHdA Adelslexikon Volume XVI, Volume 137 of the complete series, Limburg (Lahn) 2005, pp. 375–383.
  2. ↑ Paul Johansen : The Estonia List of Liber Census Daniae. Reval 1933, pp. 775-778, 828.
  3. ↑ a b Liv-, Esth- and Curland. Document book 1, Reval 1853, No. 449, 478
  4. ↑ a b c d GHdBR, Part 2, 1.2: Estonia. Görlitz 1930, pp. 534-603.
  5. ^ Genealogical handbook of the Baltic knighthoods