Paul Johansen
Paul Johansen (born December 10, jul. / 23. December 1901 greg. In Reval ; † 14. April 1965 in Hamburg ) was a German-Estonian historian and archivist .
life and work
Paul Johansen was born the son of the Danish landscape architect Jens Christian Johansen. In 1919 he graduated from the Cathedral School in Tallinn. In the same year he began military training, but was not used on the front lines of the Estonian War of Independence against Soviet Russia (1918–1920).
From 1919 he studied in Copenhagen , then in Germany . He initially chose agronomy as a subject and later switched to history . In 1924 Johansen received his doctorate in history from the University of Leipzig . He went back to Estonia , where he found a job in the Tallinn City Archives.
In the following years Paul Johansen became one of the most important Estonian historians. His research focused primarily on the older urban history of Tallinn and the agricultural history of Estonia. His work on the Liber Census Daniæ is of particular value as a source of North Estonian settlement and economic history in the 13th century. In addition, he researched the catechism of Simon Wanradt and Johann Koell ( Wittenberg 1535), which is the first book in the Estonian language with certainty . He found the founding date of the city of Paide in Swedish archives . In 1934 Paul Johansen was appointed Tallinn city archivist .
With that of the German Nazis promoted resettlement of the German-Balts ( " Home to the Reich ") and Paul Johansen left 1,939 Tallinn. He settled in Hamburg as a historian . From 1942 to 1945 he was an interpreter for the German Wehrmacht in Eastern Europe. The Nazi Party he joined in October 1941 as part of the commencement of his professorship in Hamburg in. In 1944, shortly before the occupation of Estonia by the Red Army , he visited his homeland again.
In 1945/46 Paul Johansen was interned in the war . He then worked as a historian at the University of Hamburg until his death . In 1964 he proposed that Balthasar Rüssow , the chronicler of the 16th century, was of Estonian origin. In addition, he researched the life and work of Heinrich of Latvia . Due to his early death, however, many of Johansen's works remained unfinished.
Fonts
- The Estonian list of the Liber Census Daniae. Copenhagen 1933.
- together with Heinz von zur Mühlen : German and Undeutsch in Medieval and Early Modern Reval. Böhlau, Cologne 1973, ISBN 3-412-96172-8 .
- Balthasar Rüssow as a humanist and historian. From the estate, ed. by Heinz von zur Mühlen. Böhlau, Cologne 1996, ISBN 3-412-08795-5 .
literature
- Hellmuth Weiss : Johansen, Paul. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 10, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1974, ISBN 3-428-00191-5 , p. 580 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Hugo Weczerka : Rossica externa. Studies from 15th to 17th Century. Celebration for Paul Johansen's 60th birthday . NG Elwert Verlag, Marburg 1963, ISBN 3-7708-0205-5 .
- Hugo Weczerka: Paul Johansen (1901–1965), Hanseatic and Eastern European historian. Comments on a new publication . In: Hansische Geschichtsblätter . Volume 130 (2012), pp. 211-223.
Web links
- Literature by and about Paul Johansen in the catalog of the German National Library
- Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Paul Johansen. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
Remarks
- ↑ Eesti Elulood. Eesti Entsüklopeediakirjastus, Tallinn 2000 (= Eesti Entsüklopeedia , 14) p. 111.
- ^ Anne Christine Nagel: In the shadow of the Third Reich. Göttingen 2005, p. 27.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Johansen, Paul |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German-Estonian historian and archivist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 23, 1901 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Tallinn |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 14, 1965 |
| Place of death | Hamburg |