Lords of Ramschwag

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Family coat of arms of the von Ramschwag
Epitaph of the Knights of St. John Ulrich von Rambschwang who took part in the siege of Malta , as the victor over the Turks Bavarian National Museum , Munich

The Lords of Ramschwag (or Ramswag ) were a noble and knightly family from the canton of St. Gallen .

history

The Lords of Ramschwag were in the service of the Abbot of St. Gallen and the Habsburgs from the 12th to the 19th century . The family first appears in a document in 1265 with the ministerial Ulrich von Ramschwag , the reliable line of tribe begins with Eberhard von und zu Ramschwag who died in 1388 . The family's core property was in the vicinity of their Alt-Ramschwag castle (municipality of Häggenschwil).

In the memories of the Habsburgs , the name “Ramschwag” remains associated with gratitude, as it was one of them, Heinrich Walter von Ramschwag , the 1278 Rudolf von Habsburg , the ancestor of the Habsburg dynasty, in the battle on the Marchfeld against the Bohemian king Ottokar who saved life. As a thank you, the junkers received the Reichshof Kriessern (with Blatten Castle), to which the community of Mäder also belonged, as well as other goods and rights, such as customs at Lindau.

With the death of King Rudolf, the family lost their leading position in St. Gallen and relocated to southern Germany, where Heinrich Walther and his brother Burkhard Dietrich were joint bailiffs in Augsburg on behalf of the king from the late 1280s. Her younger brother Konrad came into possession of Kemnat Castle near Kaufbeuren (Bavaria) through his wife , which remained with his descendants until 1373.

From the 15th century the family increasingly moved to the Vorarlberg area. Its center of action was Gutenberg Castle near Balzers until the early 18th century .

The last male representative of the family, Maximilian Christoph von Ramschwag , a Württemberg captain, died in Stuttgart in 1854 .

coat of arms

  • Historical coats of arms

  • Coat of arms of the "Ramenswag" in the Zurich coat of arms roll , around 1340

  • Coat of arms of the Lords of Ramsschwag on the epitaph of Joachim von Sirgenstein († 1588) in the parish church of Amtzell

The coat of arms shows in silver two red-armored and red-tongued gold-crowned (leoparded) red lions walking to the right. Three silver goosenecks growing one behind the other on the helmet with red and silver covers . Other depictions show the heraldic animals looking as gold-crowned leopards.

The Ramschwag coat of arms is still preserved today in municipal coats of arms, for example in Nenzing or in Häggenschwil .

people

  • Knight Ulrich von Ramschwag, Oberriet (1277)
  • Konrad von Ramschwag
  • Heinrich Walter von Ramschwag, Nenzing (1278)
  • Noble von Ramschwag (abbess of the women's monastery in Magdenau)
  • Eberhard von Ramschwag
  • Walter Heinrich von Ramschwag, Feldkirch (1406) and Oberriet (1419, 1458)
  • Ulrich von Ramschwag, Oberriet (1458)
  • Burkhardt of Ramschwag (1419)
  • Elisabeth von Ramschwag († 1578)
  • Franz Ferdinand Ramschwag (coat of arms gravestone at the cemetery church of St. Peter and Paul, in Feldkirch ; † 1716)
  • Franz Christian Joseph von Ramschwag (1689–1768)
  • Maximilian Christoph von Ramschwag († 1854)

Castles

Alt-Ramschwag Castle in Häggenschwil

  • Alt-Ramschwag ruins in Häggenschwil
  • Alt-Ramschwag ruins in Häggenschwil
  • Alt-Ramschwag ruins in Häggenschwil
From the family castle of the Lords of Ramschwag, built shortly after 1200, only the ruins with remains of the tower, residential and farm buildings and a circular wall with a gate system are preserved today. The location of the castle ruins was carefully selected: to the north and west it is protected by the Bachtobel and the Sitter , and to the east by three moats.
Alt-Ramschwag later got by marriage to Rudolf von Rosenberg, who finally sold the castle in 1427 to Ulrich and Burkard von Helmsdorf (southern German aristocrats). However, the facility only remained in their possession until 1490: At that time Ramschwag was abandoned because the southern part of the fortress fell down into the Sitter. The farmer Hans Rudolf Koller became the new and last private owner of the ruin and removed all woodwork for sale.
Ramschwag was secured by the Swiss Castle Association as early as 1932.

Neu-Ramschwag Castle in Häggenschwil (Rabenstein)

The easily accessible Neu-Ramschwag castle complex (also called Rabenstein ) on the Sitter was demolished over time and used for buildings, such as the church in Häggenschwil.

Ramschwag Castle ("Welsch-Ramschwag") in Nenzing

Ramschwag ruins in Nenzing
Welsch-Ramschwag Castle was built between 1270 and 1290.
A few years later the ramshackers sold the castle and in 1352 it passed into the possession of Count Rudolf III. from Montfort-Feldkirch over.
Since the population spoke Romansh at that time, it was called "Welsch-Ramschwag" in contrast to the Swiss old and new rubbish.
However, the castle did not last long, because angry Walgau farmers destroyed the complex on the evening of September 28, 1405 during the Appenzell War . At almost the same time, the Jagdberg, Blumenegg and Rosenegg castles in Walgau went up in flames. Since then, Welsch-Ramschwag has been in ruins.

Blatten Castle in Oberriet

Blatten castle ruins
The castle was pledged in 1277 by Abbot Rumo von Ramstein to the knight Ulrich von Ramschwag.
That branch of the Lords of Ramschwag, which now settled on Blatten, came into various conflicts with the St. Gallen monastery in the 14th century. This continued after 1400, when the knights tried to come to terms with the rebellious Appenzell people while their relatives fought on the side of the monastery.
The first conservation work on the masonry of the castle was carried out in 1911. A comprehensive renovation of the residential tower followed in 1977, and the restoration of the ring with the remains of the castle gate in 1985.

Gutenberg Castle near Balzers

Gutenberg Castle
The first Balzner village church, including the surrounding burial site, was likely to have been secured with a strong wall on the access side in the early Middle Ages. In the period that followed, the complex was transformed into a castle.
During the Carolingian era , the area around Gutenberg Castle was a royal crown property. This consisted of one courtyard in Palazoles (Balzers) and one in Meilis (Mäls). Even then, the castle was the seat of the royal feudal owners; and since there were two mansions, the castle served both and was divided into two parts.
This dichotomy still existed in the middle of the 13th century, when the Lords of Frauenberg were owners of the royal fiscal goods. The most famous offspring of his family, minstrel Heinrich von Frauenberg, took up residence on Gutenberg in 1290. Because of his politics, which were hostile to the Habsburgs, the Frauenberger gradually lost most of the possessions. In 1314 he sold Gutenberg to the Habsburgs, who owned it until 1824.
Ulrich von Ramschwag , a loyal follower of the Habsburgs, watched Gutenberg Castle and forced it to hand over in 1309.
From 1461 the Habsburgs remained the sole owners and from 1470 to 1746 the Lords of Ramschwag exercised the bailiwick of the castle.
After 1750 the castle fell into disrepair and in 1758 the municipality of Balzers leased the Gutenberg estates and finally bought them in 1824/1825. The community sold the castle hill with the castle in 1854 to Princess Franziska da Paula von Liechtenstein.
From 1906 to 1910, the Liechtenstein architect and sculptor Egon Rheinberger realized his lifelong dream. He expanded the badly demolished castle ruins into today's facility.

Schattenburg in Feldkirch

Schattenburg in Feldkirch
The Schattenburg is located above the city of Feldkirch in Vorarlberg in Austria and is connected to it by the former city wall. The high medieval castle is one of the best preserved castle complexes in Central Europe.
The castle was built around 1200 by Count Hugo I von Montfort († 1228), the founder of the town of Feldkirch. The Schattenburg was the ancestral seat of the Counts of Montfort until 1390.
In the Appenzell War of 1405/06, the allied Swiss and Feldkirchers besieged the castle. They managed to set up heavy slingshots above the facility. After 18 weeks Heinrich Walter von Ramschwag , who defended the Schattenburg with 38 men, had to give up.

Kemnat Castle near Kaufbeuren

The Lords of Ramschwag held this castle near Kaufbeuren (in Bavaria), built around 1185, from 1280 to 1373.
In the course of the secularization of the monasteries, the castle was razed in 1805 and today only a remnant of the keep is preserved.

swell

Web links

Commons : Ramschwag family  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Stiftsarchiv St. Gallen
  2. ↑ a b Martin Leonhard: Ramschwag [Ramswag], from. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  3. ↑ History of the Alt-Ramschwag ruins (in Häggenschwil, St. Gallen)
  4. ↑ Photos of beautiful old coats of arms
  5. ↑ From Minnesang and Bug Dance - Medieval Things at Gutenberg Castle ( Memento of the original from January 6, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.burgenverein.ch