Hoyerswort mansion

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The Hoyerswort manor

The manor house Hoyerswort is the only former manor house in the Eiderstedt region. Hoyerswort is a two-wing Renaissance building with a stair tower surrounded by a double moat. The manor is located about one and a half kilometers south of the Oldenswort church in the Schleswig-Holstein district of North Friesland, a municipality belonging to the Eiderstedt office .

history

The manor house 1864. Lithograph by Jens Peter Trap

The manor stands on a terp that was probably inhabited as early as the Roman Empire. The builder of the house is Caspar Hoyer (1540–1594). His father, Lange Harm Hoyer served the Duke of Schleswig-Holstein and later King Frederick I of Denmark as a military leader. In 1513 he was ennobled and married Frederick's illegitimate daughter Catharina (1491–1534). When she died, he married Maria Knutzen (~ 1515–1560) in 1535, the daughter of another illegitimate daughter of Friedrich. Caspar Hoyer comes from this second marriage. Since 1563 he was the councilor of Duke Adolf von Gottorf . Just one year later he was given 200 hectares of land as well as the property on which he later had the manor house built.

In 1587 Hoyersworth was granted all manor rights.

After his death in 1594, his son Hermann Hoyer became the owner of the manor house and his successor in the office of stallion in the Eiderstedt countryside . Hermann was married to Anna Ovena Hoyer . The couple moved to Tönningen Castle , where they lived until Hermann's death. Then the widow moved to Hoyerswort. In clear words she criticized the Protestant official church and insulted the pastors, whom she accused of an excessively secular way of life and heavy alcohol consumption. Anna was a supporter of the doctor and lay theologian Nicolaus Knutzen Teting , who moved to her manor house in 1623. Through him she became a supporter and protector of the Anabaptist movement in Schleswig-Holstein and gathered a community there that the local clergy regarded as heretical. Church services were presumably held in the large ballroom at that time, as Anna was considered very religious, but did not go to the Oldenswort church. Despite violent protests from Oldenswort pastors, the authorities did not intervene.

Inheritance disputes with her son-in-law and the Hoyer relatives, as well as tax claims by Duke Friedrich III. had deprived Anna of most of her fortune and the property was probably already heavily in debt during her husband's lifetime. In 1632 she had to sell Hoyerswort to Augusta of Denmark and then emigrated to Sweden with her children. There, after years of great economic difficulties, she received a small estate from Queen Mother Maria Eleonora , widow of Gustav Adolf and mother of Queen Christina, in 1649, on which she died in 1655. In the following 15 years the manor house remained in the possession of Augusta, who handed it over to her rent master Joachim Danckwerth (a brother of the chronicler Caspar Danckwerth ) in 1647 . Eight years later, his son-in-law, Andreas Kramer, took over the estate. At the time of the siege of Tönning during the Great Northern War , the Danish King Friedrich IV resided on Hoyerswort and there accepted the surrender of the Swedish troops stationed in the Tönning fortress under Magnus Stenbock , which effectively decided the war.

The coat of arms of the Hamkens family in Hoyerswort Castle

Andreas Kramer's descendants farmed Hoyerswort, which still included around 100 hectares of land, until 1732. In that year the manor house went bankrupt along with many other estates in Schleswig-Holstein. After changing owners, the estate became the property of the Hamkens family in 1771 , and it remained in their possession for the next 240 years. In 2011 the ceramist Alfred Jordy acquired the property and made it open to the public. He finances the maintenance of the manor house with a café, ceramic workshop and holiday apartments. Jordy is currently converting Haubarg, which belongs to the property, into a restaurant and exhibition space. In cooperation with the Förderverein Herrenhaus Hoyerswort, he set up a sculpture park in front of the manor house. The first works to be shown come from the estate of the sculptor Pierre Schumann .

Building description

In addition to the actual manor house, Hoyerswort also has a farm building and a park-like, small tree garden typical of Eiderstedt. The entire system is surrounded by a double trench system. Originally a drawbridge also belonged to the complex. It has been replaced by a simple bridge over which the manor is accessible from the east.

The main house

The construction time of the manor house is controversial. The construction of the ensemble probably began shortly before 1580 and was completed after two construction phases around 1580. The main house should have been completed by Hoyer's death in 1594 at the latest, but probably before 1590. However, construction could also start ten to fifteen years earlier. The construction period from 1591–1594 previously mentioned in the literature is considered refuted. It is now associated with the construction of the wing and was based on an inscription on the small Renaissance columned portal on the south side of the building, which names the year of death of the builder. Other dates attached to the building in the form of portal inscriptions and wall anchors could not yet be associated with specific extensions or renovations.

The mansion is a broad, two-storey, slender brick building of the Renaissance with a stair tower, steep roofs and ridge chimneys. The mansion is surrounded by a double moat. The floor plan is L-shaped.

The oldest part is the east wing with a cross vault. The articulated narrow sides on the north and south sides of the building are remarkable, their multi-stepped tail gables with a horizontal cornice division are typical of Renaissance buildings. The ground floor and upper floor of the building are visually separated on the outer facade by simply profiled cornices.

The two gable sides of the main house look very similar and only differ in details. They are divided into two windows on each floor to the right and left of the centrally arranged chimney. On the north side, the western ground floor window and the two upper small windows in the gable are walled up. This must have been done after 1863 as there is a picture from that year showing the windows. While the chimney on the north side clearly protrudes from the facade and seems to overlap the cornices, its counterpart on the south side is laid in the facade line inwards. Two of the original oculi in the gable are now walled up there.

View of the interior.

The main or entrance side is designed asymmetrically. On the left side (instead of the second double window axis) there is a stepped tower in front of it, the bellied hood with lantern ("Welsche hood") was reconstructed in 1960. To the right of it is a bay-like extension with a towed roof. Its masonry is patched in the eaves area, which indicates a once higher eaves. A final cornice is missing today. The well-preserved sandstone tablet on the stair tower is a reminder of Joachim Dankwerth and his wife Clara Lüthen. The year 1648 mentioned therein indicates the completion of renovation work. Both the tower and the bay are in the wall connection with the main building, so they were built at the same time.

The main portal was probably moved to the second axis from the north at a later date. It consists of a round arched opening made of stone, flanked by two slim pilasters. At the top it is closed with a blown gable, in which a heraldic cartouche with cartilage and mask can be seen, which was probably added around 1640/50. A heart-shaped wall anchor from 1564 is attached above the upper floor window of the portal axis.

Construction of the west wing and the vestibule probably began in 1587 after Hoyersworth was granted all rights of a manor .

Hoyer's word. View of the south wing

The south wing is elongated and two-story. It is divided by numerous windows of different sizes with bars, all of which have been renewed. It was probably created in several stages in the 16th and 17th centuries. The oldest component is the area with the sandstone portal, which was built in the 1590s. In the adjoining part of the building to the west, there is a large hall, the so-called dance or ballroom, that extends over both floors. It was added around 1620/25 in place of the older rooms. In the far west of the south wing there were kitchen rooms with a huge fireplace and a smokehouse.

The thatched barn to the north of the manor house is dated to 1704 by means of the wall anchors. It has an area of ​​580 square meters, a ridge height of around 13 m and has 6 posts. Originally it was about 1 km south in Langenhemme, where the heirs of Andreas Kramer had it built. Boye Hamkens commissioned the transfer to the current position in 1779. Since then, the building has only been used as a farm building and has been rebuilt several times.

Web links

Commons : Herrenhaus Hoyerswort  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Deert Lafrenz: manors and manors in Schleswig-Holstein . Imhof, Petersberg 2015, ISBN 978-3-86568-971-9 , pp. 263 ff .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Alfred Jordy: Hoyerswort. A trip into the past. (PDF) 2013, accessed on July 15, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Hoyers, Anna Ovena. In: Nordfrieslandlexikon. Nordfriisk Instituut, accessed July 15, 2019 .
  4. ^ German biography: Hoyers, Anna Ovena - German biography. Retrieved July 16, 2019 .
  5. ↑ Anna Ovena Hoyers. Retrieved July 16, 2019 .
  6. ↑ With ghost and a lot of history: Modern life in old walls | shz.de. Retrieved February 25, 2019 .
  7. ^ Sculpture park on Hoyerswort: Art under the open sky | shz.de. Retrieved February 25, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Lafrenz, Deert, 1944-: manors and manors in Schleswig-Holstein . Imhof, Petersberg 2015, ISBN 978-3-86568-971-9 .

Coordinates: 54 ° 21 ′ 31.4 "  N , 8 ° 56 ′ 42.4"  E