Rule of Rhäzüns

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The noble lords in Graubünden around 1367
Rhäzüns Castle

The rule Rhäzüns existed until 1819 from the churches today Rhäzüns , Bonaduz , Domat / Ems and Felsberg in the canton of Grisons in Switzerland . As the "Rhäzüns Court", the rulers had been a member of the Upper or Gray League and thus of the Free State of the Three Leagues since 1424 . Every year the baron determined the Ammann from a triple proposal from the community.

Rhäzüns and Bonaduz formed the core area of ​​the rule of the barons of Rhäzüns , who rose under Ulrich II. (1367–1415) to the most powerful feudal lords in today's Graubünden alongside the bishop of Chur . Through the barons of Rhäzüns, the court of Rhäzüns came into the Gray League in 1424 and later to the Three Leagues . After the death of the last baron and the marriage of Eitel Friedrich von Hohenzollern to his heir, Ursula Freiin von Rhäzüns, a dispute broke out between the Hohenzollern and the Counts of Werdenberg-Sargans, which was only resolved in 1461 by a court judgment that awarded the rule to the Hohenzollern. The nephew of the aforementioned Hohenzollers, Count Eitel Friedrich II. Exchanged Rhäzüns in 1497 with his friend Maximilian I von Habsburg , the German king and later emperor, for the rule of Haigerloch . Maximilian saw in this swap deal a future possibility of intervention with the three leagues.

At first, the Habsburgs gave Rhäzüns to the Marmels , Stampa, von Planta and Ortenstein families as pawns . In 1696, Emperor Leopold I von Habsburg took over the rule directly, that is, he appointed an administrator in the rule. As a result, the respective Habsburg owner of the rule in his function as Baron von Rhäzüns became a member of the Free State of the Three Leagues.

With the Peace of Schönbrunn in 1809, the House of Habsburg renounced the rule of Rhäzün in favor of France, which was taken over by the French legation secretary François Rouyer on December 29, 1809. After Napoleon's fall, it was initially returned to the Habsburgs in 1814, but was then given to Graubünden by the declaration of the Congress of Vienna on March 20, 1815, which was reflected in Article 78 of the Vienna Congress Act. The handover of the rule of Rhäzüns to the canton of Graubünden did not take place until January 19, 1819. One of the last administrators of the House of Habsburg was the doctor and district judge Georg Anton Vieli, who bought Rhäzüns Castle in 1823 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans Stäuber, "The transition from Rhäzüns to France", in: ders., Relations between Graubünden and Tyrol during the uprising of 1809 . Zurich: Leemann, 1945 (Swiss Studies in History, New Series, Volume 3), pp. 146–149
  2. ↑ Leipziger Zeitung of February 23, 1819, p. 419, https://books.google.com/books?id=YwdkAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA419

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