Felsberg GR
| GR is the abbreviation for the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland and is used to avoid confusion with other entries in the name Felsberg . |
| Felsberg | |
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| State : |
 Switzerland
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| Canton : |
 Graubünden (GR)
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| Region : | In the ground |
| BFS no. : | 3731 |
| Postal code : | 7012 |
| Coordinates : | 755 453 / 190 559 |
| Height : | 572 m above sea level M. |
| Height range : | 556–2694 m above sea level M. |
| Area : | 13.40 km² |
| Residents: | 2622 (December 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 196 inhabitants per km² |
| Website: | www.felsberg.ch |
 Felsberg |
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| Location of the municipality | |
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Felsberg ( Romansh ) is a municipality in the Imboden region of the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland . It is located immediately west of Chur and borders the communities of Haldenstein , Domat / Ems , Tamins and Pfäfers .
geography
Immediately to the north-west of the village rises the Calanda mountain range , which in Felsberger Calanda is 2697 m above sea level. M. achieved. The Rinderalp "Felsberger Älpli" is located on its southern flank. The adult animals are summered on the municipality's own Alp Tambo near the Splügen Pass.
Due to its location, Felsberg is repeatedly threatened by landslides. After a rock fall in 1843, the newly founded district "Neudorf" was built further away from the foot of the slope. This was made possible by the correction of the Rhine by the engineer Richard La Nicca. This resulted in a split in the village into Alt- and Neudorf. There were no further threatening rock breaks in the area of the old village. Therefore the old village remained inhabited.
Traces of gold were discovered in the rubble of a landslide in 1803. The mining company for the golden sun was founded in 1809 and 72 doubloons were minted from the Filden mine in 1813. The wine from the Felsberg vineyard of the same name is reminiscent of the "golden sun".
history
There are prehistoric tombs in the area of the Tgilväderli cave.
The name Felsberg was mentioned for the first time in 831, the church in 1305. The name comes from the hill behind the parish hall (Berg im Felde, Veltsperg, has nothing to do with rock). Excavations in the vicinity, such as in the Felix Wingert, indicate that the area had been around for a few thousand years BC. Was settled. In the years 1368–1742 it was under the rule of barons: Heinrich von Frauenberg ceded the rights to Felsberg to the Churwalden monastery and after 1368 the barons of Rhäzüns ruled . With the transfer of this rule, Felsberg also came to the canton of Graubünden in 1819. In September 1843 the aforementioned big rock fall occurred. In 1866 Felsberg received its first schoolhouse.
In 1847 the planning of the flood barriers on the Rhine from Rothenbrunnen to Felsberg was agreed according to the plans of Richard La Nicca . In 1853 the continuation followed in the direction of the Tardis Bridge . During the flood of 1868, the access dam to the Rhine bridge was breached by the water masses. Nevertheless, it was also a confirmation of the correct construction system by La Nicca. The other bridges were also affected by floods - the current concrete bridge is the fifth bridge since 1800. 1927, 1954, and 1987 were the greatest floods of the 20th century. The Rhine carried up to 1800 cubic meters of water per second (around 100 cubic meters at normal level). To expand the A13 to 4 lanes, the Rhine at the church hill Domat / Ems had to be pushed towards the Felsberg side. For this purpose, the excavated material was transported over a construction site bridge to the Ems side. This bridge was torn away by the flood on July 18, 1987. The river bed was about 1.5 meters deeper after the flood.
The Rosstobel avalanche fell in January 1981. On July 6, 2001, another severe rock fall occurred (around 250,000 cubic meters), but it went smoothly.
A partnership with the community of Felsberg in Hesse has existed since 2001 .
In 2009 Felsberg was awarded the Energiestadt label. In the Calinis quarry east of the village, which was abandoned in 2001, a solar system was built after a design competition and inaugurated on June 30, 2020. The 2.3 million expensive system delivers around 1.6 gigawatt hours of electricity per year.
population
| Population development | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | 1850 | 1900 | 1950 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2016 |
| Residents | 482 | 467 | 939 | 1369 | 1772 | 2029 | 1907 | 2547 |
Since 1850 the population has more than quadrupled. Three growth phases between 1850 and 1860, 1910 and 1920 and since 1960 were responsible for this. The first two growth spurts are regional immigration. For the third party, immigration from abroad and the location are the main reasons.
languages
Felsberg switched from Romansh to German as early as the Middle Ages. Therefore, it is in the Romansh minority immigrants from Romance-speaking communities and not a long-established linguistic minority. This is also borne out by the 1910 census, where only sixteen out of 625 inhabitants stated Romansh as their mother tongue. The following table shows the development:
| Languages in Felsberg GR | ||||||
| languages | 1980 census | 1990 census | 2000 census | |||
| number | proportion of | number | proportion of | number | proportion of | |
| German | 1183 | 86.41% | 1599 | 90.23% | 1859 | 91.62% |
| Romansh | 86 | 6.28% | 71 | 4.01% | 60 | 2.96% |
| Italian | 59 | 4.31% | 22nd | 1.24% | 20th | 0.99% |
| Residents | 1369 | 100% | 1772 | 100% | 2029 | 100% |
In 2000, after German and Romansh, Italian was the third most frequent main language with a good 1%.
Origin and nationality
Of the 2051 residents at the end of 2005, 1907 (= 93%) were Swiss citizens.
traffic
In terms of traffic, Felsberg is well connected by the Chur city bus and a station on the Rhaetian Railway. The train station is, however, on the other side of the Felsbeger bridge, on Emser Boden.
Townscape
Single-family houses dominate the town. The orientation to the south results in a sunny location.
Attractions
- reformed Church
- Neu-Felsberg
- Two-family house, architects: Andreas Hagmann , Dieter Jüngling
- The remains of past rockfalls are worth seeing, such as B. the rock fall Grossrüfi, the former mine Goldene Sonne and the lime kiln "Hampfrosa".
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the place
- Andrea Nold (1920–2011), artist
- Leon Schlumpf (1925–2012), politician, former Federal Councilor
- Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf (* 1956), politician, former Federal Councilor
Personalities who have been active on the spot
- Jakob, Oskar and Albert Metzler, organ builders , 1900–1954 and 1968–1971 worked here
- Oscar Peer , Romansh writer and philologist ; around 1950 working as a primary school teacher in Felsberg.
literature
- Felsberger Heimatbuch
- Marianne Manzanell: Life between mountain and river ; Film based on the Heimatbuch, 2019
Web links
- Linus Bühler: Felsberg. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Official website of the community of Felsberg
- The golden sun at Calanda near Felsberg
- Felsberg GR on the ETHorama platform
Individual evidence
- ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
- ^ Alp Tambo , on the website alpprodukte.com
- ↑ L. Förster in Allgemeine Bauzeitung: The correction of the Rhine etc , Austrian quarterly for the public building service, Volume 37, 1872, page 135
- ↑ L. Förster in Allgemeine Bauzeitung: Die Korrektion des Rheins etc , Austrian Quarterly Journal for Public Building Services, Volume 37, 1872, page 138
- ^ Fall of the century Felsberg , Cantonal Forest Office, Graubünden, fact sheet December 2001
- ^ Community Felsberg online: Energy City
- ↑ Electricity will soon come from the Felsberg quarry , Südostschweiz (newspaper) , November 12, 2019
- ↑ Neu-Felsberg
- ↑ Two family house