Bonaduz
| Bonaduz | |
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| State : |
 Switzerland
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| Canton : |
 Graubünden (GR)
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| Region : | In the ground |
| BFS no. : | 3721 |
| Postal code : | 7402 |
| Coordinates : | 749669 / 186 927 |
| Height : | 662 m above sea level M. |
| Height range : | 584–1761 m above sea level M. |
| Area : | 14.40 km² |
| Residents: | 3331 (December 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 231 inhabitants per km² |
| Website: | www.bonaduz.ch |
 Bonaduz |
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| Location of the municipality | |
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Bonaduz ( Rhaeto-Romanic Panaduz ) is a municipality in the Imboden region of the Swiss canton of Graubünden .
coat of arms
Blazon : In silver (white) a blue pole topped by a six-pointed red star
The drawbar refers either to the merging of the front and rear Rhine near the village, or to the fork in traffic flows to the various Alpine passes. The star refers to the patronage of the parish church: St. Anne or Mary.
geography
left the front right of the - Hinterrhein , rear left flowing down the Rhine united
The community lies on a plateau above the confluence of the Vorderrhein (at the exit of the Rhine Gorge ) and Hinterrhein , which was created by a huge natural disaster, the Flims landslide . The village of Bonaduz lies in the valley level at 662 m , the lowlands at around 590 m and the mountainous region at around 1500 m (Alp Sut).
The ruins of Wackenau Castle are in the municipality of Bonaduz .
Part of the community extends as far as the Safien Valley , such as the hamlet of Scardanal and Alp Sut.
population
population
| Population development | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | 1850 | 1888 | 1900 | 1950 | 1980 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2010 | 2018 | |
| Residents | 581 | 605 | 886 | 1039 | 1499 | 1943 | 2293 | 2433 | 2738 | 3331 | |
Bonaduz grew steadily after a first growth phase between 1850 and 1860 and a second growth phase around 1900 to 1960 (1850 to 1960 doubling of the population). There was strong growth between 1960 and 1980, which has increased since then (1960–1980: + 37%; 1980–2005: + 73%). Since the 1960s there has been a large wave of immigration from abroad.
languages
Until the middle of the 19th century, the entire population spoke a Graubünden Romanesque dialect. Although this was a Central Grisons dialect, Surselvic was traditionally used as the written language in all communities in the Imboden district . In this capacity they were similar to the communities of Bergün and Filisur , where dialects of the Central Graubünden were or are also in use, but Upper Engadin was in use as the written language (there, historically, mainly for religious reasons).
As early as the 19th century, Romansh lost its importance. While in 1880 75% of the residents stated Romansh as their mother tongue, in 1900 it was only 55%. The language change and the decline of Romansh took place within a decade (1910: 29% and 1941: 15%). The language situation stabilized by 1970. Since then, the strong increase in the number of German speakers has led to a steady decline in the Romansh share.
| Languages in Bonaduz GR | ||||||
| languages | 1980 census | 1990 census | 2000 census | |||
| number | proportion of | number | proportion of | number | proportion of | |
| German | 1186 | 79.12% | 1620 | 85.81% | 2140 | 87.96% |
| Romansh | 166 | 11.07% | 114 | 6.04% | 131 | 5.38% |
| Italian | 80 | 5.34% | 39 | 2.07% | 52 | 2.14% |
| Residents | 1499 | 100% | 1888 | 100% | 2433 | 100% |
The originally dominant Romansh language was banned from schools and churches as early as the 19th century. Today German is the only colloquial language.
Origin and nationality
Of the 3,036 residents at the end of 2013, 86.6% were Swiss citizens.
economy
The most important local employers are Hamilton Bonaduz AG and their Hamilton Medical AG, which belong to the Hamilton Company , with over 500 employees in Bonaduz in 2009 and over 800 employees since 2013.
history
Place name
Bonaduz is first attested in a document from 960 in the phrase in castello Bonaduces . The interpretation of the name is uncertain; possibly there is a derivation of the pre-Latin root * pitino- "castle, defense system", which in turn is documented several times in local names in Graubünden.
Middle Ages, older modern times
Bonaduz was part of the Rhäzün rule . With this it came to the Counts of Zollern around 1458 and Maximilian I of Austria in 1497 . That is why Bonaduz remained Catholic during the Reformation. With the neighborhoods Rhäzüns , Ems and Felsberg , Bonaduz belonged in the Gray League to the judicial community of Rhäzüns.
Together with the entire rule of Rhäzün, it came from the Habsburg Monarchy to the Canton of Graubünden in 1819 .
Village fire
On July 11, 1908, Bonaduz was struck by a fire. Almost the entire village was destroyed within a few hours: 199 ridges, 83 houses, as many stables and a few ponds burned down. 562 residents lost their homes. The fire was caused by two boys who had played with matches in a stable. Thanks to generous help from the region, Bonaduz was quickly rebuilt.
Personalities
- Jörg Blaurock (1492–1529), co-founder of the Reformation Anabaptist movement , was born in Bonaduz.
literature
- Linus Bühler: Bonaduz. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Pieder Cavigelli: The Germanization of Bonaduz in a historical and linguistic exhibition (= contributions to Swiss German dialect research. Volume XVI). Huber, Frauenfeld 1969.
- Erwin Poeschel : The art monuments of the canton of Graubünden III. The valley areas Räzünser Boden, Domleschg, Heinzenberg, Oberhalbstein, Upper and Lower Engadine (= Swiss art monuments. Volume 11). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1940. DNB 760079625 .
Web links
- Official website of the municipality of Bonaduz
- Bonaduz on the ETHorama platform
Individual evidence
- ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
- ↑ Lia Rumantscha (Ed.): Romansh - Facts & Figures. 2nd, revised and updated edition. Chur 2004, ISBN 3-03900-034-9 . P. 31.
- ↑ On the linguistic history of Bonaduz see Pieder Cavigelli: Die Germanisierung von Bonaduz in a historical and linguistic exhibition (= contributions to Swiss German dialect research. Volume XVI). Huber, Frauenfeld 1969.
- ↑ people and companies ; NZZ, June 7, 2009.
- ^ Rhaetian Name Book , Volume II, edit. and ed. by Andrea Schorta. Bern 1964, p. 776. After that again lexicon of Swiss community names . Edited by the Center de Dialectologie at the University of Neuchâtel under the direction of Andres Kristol. Frauenfeld / Neuenburg 2005, p. 169 f.
- ^ Report on the village fire. ( Memento of the original from June 28, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
