Vorderrhein

Vorderrhein Rein da Tuma , Rein Anteriur
Area of ​​the Alpine Rhine with source rivers
Data
Water code	CH : 1
location	Switzerland canton of Grisons
River system	Rhine
Drain over	Rhine  → North Sea
source	in Tujetsch 46 ° 38 ′ 24 ″  N , 8 ° 39 ′ 30 ″  E
Source height	approx.  2630  m
confluence	at Reichenau with the Hinterrhein to the (Alpine) Rhine . Coordinates: 46 ° 49 ′ 25 "  N , 9 ° 24 ′ 27"  E ; CH1903:  750 222  /  187715 46 ° 49 '25 "  N , 9 ° 24' 27"  O
Mouth height	584  m above sea level M.
Height difference	approx. 2046 m
Bottom slope	approx. 28 ‰
length	72 km
	77 km  with Rein da Medel
Catchment area	1,511.62 km²
Discharge at the Ilanz A Eo gauge : 774 km²	NNQ (February 1963) MNQ 1962–2016 MQ 1962–2016 Mq 1962–2016 MHQ 1962–2016 HHQ (July 1987)	720 l / s 20.7 m³ / s 32.7 m³ / s 42.2 l / (s km²) 45.4 m³ / s 870 m³ / s
Outflow A Eo : 1512 km² at the mouth	MQ 1961-1980 Mq 1961-1980	53.8 m³ / s 35.6 l / (s km²)
Left tributaries	Aua Russein , Ual da Mulin , Flem , Schmuèr
Right tributaries	Rein da Curnera , Rein da Nalps , Rein da Medel , Rein da Sumvitg , Glenner , Rabiusa
The Vorderrhein in the Ruinaulta , view from Conn

The Vorderrhein , in the regional Sursilvan Rein Anteriur ^{? / i} , is one of the two headwaters of the Rhine . Its catchment area of 1512 km² is mainly in the canton of Graubünden ( Switzerland ). At around 77 kilometers, the Vorderrhein is a good 5 percent longer than the Hinterrhein (each measured over the longest source branch). However, the Vorderrhein is somewhat smaller with an average water flow of 53.8 m³ / s.

Vorderrhein was also the name of a district that was created in 1851 with the reorganization of the Graubünden judiciary. Its territory has been part of the Surselva district since 2001 .

geography

course

Confluence of the Hinterrhein (right) and the Vorderrhein (left) near Reichenau

The Vorderrhein flows through a large Alpine valley , the Surselva , mainly oriented to the east-northeast . Its north side is steep with short valleys, while the south side is divided by partly longer side valleys (similar to the situation in the Valais to the west ). Therefore the main tributaries Rein da Sumvitg , Glogn / Glenner and Rabiusa all flow from the south. In its lower reaches, the Vorderrhein flows through the Ruinaulta gorge landscape, which originated from the Flims rockslide . At Reichenau it joins the Hinterrhein to form the (Alpine) Rhine.

source muzzle

Source and mouth of the Vorderrhein

Spring arms

Some of the tributaries of the Vorderrhein can be regarded as equal source arms. Downstream these are (each with a flow section from the sources to the confluence of the Vorder and Hinterrhein):

• two streams coming down from the areas of Puozas and Milez near the Oberalp Pass (both about 70 km)
• Rein da Tuma , including the Lai da Tuma / Tomasee and the main lake tributary (approx. 72 km)
• Quellast Aua da Val from Val Val (approx. 70 km)
• Rein da Maighels (about 76 km) (tributary of the Rein da Curnera)
• Rein da Curnera (approx. 75 km)
• Rein da Nalps (approx. 72 km)
• Rein da Medel , in the Ticino upper reaches Reno di Medel , then also called Froda (approx. 77 km)

The longer spring arms are therefore not located on the Oberalp Pass, but southeast of it. The longest source branch of the Vorderrhein (and the Rhine as a whole, see also the source of the Rhine ) is the Reno di Medel, which rises on the mark of the Ticino municipality of Quinto and which runs in its uppermost valley section, the Val Cadlimo , south of the geomorphological main Alpine ridge (west of the Lukmanier Pass ).

Others

The Vorderrhein near Schluein with a view of Sagogn

The largest communities along the Vorderrhein are Disentis / Mustér and Ilanz / Glion .

The course of the river there, especially between Ilanz and Versam, is a destination for paddling and river rafting .

The entire length of the Vorderrhein is accompanied by the narrow-gauge railway line Chur - Disentis / Mustér of the Rhaetian Railway . From Disentis, the Furka-Oberalp-Bahn , today's Matterhorn-Gotthard-Bahn, leads to the Oberalp Pass and on to Andermatt. The main road deviates northwards in the area of ​​the Ruinaulta and runs at the highest point near Flims around 480 meters above the Rhine.

The Senda Sursilvana , a long-distance hiking trail along the young Rhine, leads from the Oberalp Pass along the Vorderrhein towards Chur.

See also

• Shipping canal projects in the Alps , via u. a. unrealized canals that would have connected the Rhine with the Rhone or Po (river)

Web links

Commons : Vorderrhein  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Vorderrhein on the ETHorama platform
• Ruinaulta natural monument
• River description for water trips
• Map of waters for fishing statistics (PDF; 2.3 MB)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Geoserver of the Swiss Federal Administration ( information )
2. ↑ Topographical catchment areas of Swiss waters: sub-catchment areas 2 km². Retrieved June 9, 2019 . 
3. ↑ Ilanz measuring station 1962–2016 (PDF) Federal Office for the Environment FOEN
4. ↑ ^{a b} Hydrological Atlas of Switzerland of the Federal Office for the Environment FOEN, Table_54
5. ↑ Hiking Switzerland on the Senda Sursilvana in Graubünden