Tamina (river)

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Tamina
The Tamina flows into the Rhine

The Tamina flows into the Rhine

Data
Water code CH : 337
location Switzerland
River system Rhine
Drain over Rhine  → North Sea
source below Piz Sardona
46 ° 54 ′ 39 ″  N , 9 ° 15 ′ 39 ″  E
Source height approx.  2630  m above sea level M.
muzzle in Bad Ragaz in the Rhine Coordinates: 47 ° 0 ′ 36 "  N , 9 ° 30 ′ 34"  E ; CH1903:  757 452  /  208 633 47 ° 0 '36 "  N , 9 ° 30' 34"  O
Mouth height 496  m above sea level M.
Height difference approx. 2134 m
Bottom slope approx. 71 ‰
length 30 km
Catchment area 155.48 km²
Discharge at the estuary
A Eo : 155.48 km² 		MQ
Mq
 		5.74 m³ / s
36.9 l / (s km²)
Left tributaries Zanaibach
Right tributaries Görbsbach , Bergbach
Reservoirs flowed through Gigerwaldsee , Mapraggsee
Communities Pfäfers , Bad Ragaz
Tamina (river) (Switzerland)
source
source
muzzle
muzzle
Source and mouth of the Tamina

The Tamina is a 30 km long river in the canton of St. Gallen . It is a left and south-southwest tributary of the Rhine .

geography

course

The Tamina emerges from several mountain streams on the eastern flank of Piz Sardona ( 3,057  m ). Their water comes from the Sardona Glacier and the Chline Glacier , both at over 2600 meters above sea level. It gathers near the Sardonahütte and flows from west to east through the entire Calfeisental . It supplies the Gigerwaldsee near St. Martin with fresh water and drains it.

In Vättis the Calfeisental joins the Tamina valley . Here the Tamina takes up the Görbsbach, which flows from the south from the Kunkelspass ( Canton of Graubünden ). From Vättis the river flows in the northeast facing Tamina valley to the Mapraggsee , a reservoir of the Sarganserland power plants . A little later it crosses the Tamina gorge, which is up to 200 m deep . At its exit, the Tamina joins the Alpine Rhine at Bad Ragaz after a total length of 30 kilometers .

Catchment area

The catchment area of ​​the Tamina is 155.48 km² and consists of 32.8% wooded area , 28.4% agricultural area , 34.3% unproductive area and 1.8% water surface .

Area distribution

The mean height of the catchment area is 1762  m above sea level. M. , the minimum height is 500  m above sea level. M. and the maximum height at 3236  m above sea level. M.

Tributaries

  • Chli Glacier Bach ( left ), 2.3 km, 2.14 km²
  • Tüfelsruns ( left ), 1.5 km
  • Gamserälplibach ( left ), 2.4 km, 17.68 km², 0.94 m³ / s
  • Vorderer Plattenbach ( left ), 2.7 km, 2.31 km²
  • Tristelbach ( right )
  • Ammannstobel (bach) ( left ), 2.0 km
  • Schräabach ( right ), 1.5 km, 1.71 km²
  • Malanserbach ( left ), 2.3 km, 1.24 km²
  • Parlibach ( right ), 1.9 km, 1.33 km²
  • Tellerbach ( left ), 3.1 km, 3.65 km², 0.15 m³ / s
  • Ebenensandbach ( right )
  • Fluetobel (bach) ( right )
  • Hochbach ( left )
  • Zeigertobel (bach) ( right )
  • Tersolbach ( left )
  • Görbsbach ( right )
  • Chrüzbach ( left )
  • Radeinbach ( left )
  • Saubach ( left )
  • Läuibach ( left )
  • Zanaibach ( left )
  • Oberbach ( left )
  • Chappelibach ( left )
  • Zanuzbach ( left )
  • Balenbach ( left )
  • Mountain stream ( right )

places

Places on the course of the river from the source to the mouth are:

Hydrology

At the confluence of the Tamina with the Rhine, its modeled mean discharge rate (MQ) is 5.59 m³ / s. Their discharge regime type is nival alpine and their discharge variability is 18.

The flow rate of the Tamina fluctuates relatively strongly over the course of the year. The highest water levels were determined for the months of May and June. The flow rate reached its peak in June at 13.19 m³ / s. After that, the discharge drops noticeably month after month and reaches its lowest level in January of 1.85 m³ / s, initially increasing slowly and then starting in April very rapidly.

The modeled monthly mean discharge (MQ) of the Tamina in m³ / s

bridges

On its way, the Tamina is spanned by over 30 bridges. The most important bridge is the Tamina Bridge, which opened in 2017 as the largest and highest arch bridge in Switzerland.

Web links

Commons : Tamina  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Geoserver of the Swiss Federal Administration ( information )
  2. ↑ Evaluations of the water network. (XLSX) FOEN , December 2013, accessed on August 10, 2017 (listing of Swiss rivers> 30km).
  3. ↑ a b c d Topographical catchment areas of Swiss waters: sub-catchment areas 2 km². Retrieved June 8, 2019 .
  4. ↑ "Hidden behind the mean values" - the variability of the discharge regime , p. 7
  5. ↑ The discharge variability describes the extent of the fluctuations in the mean discharge of individual years around the long-term mean discharge value.