Hippolyte-Marie de Rosnyvinen

Hippolyte-Marie-Guillaume de Rosnyvinen, comte de Piré , called Hippolyte-Marie de Rosnyvinen (born March 31, 1778 in Rennes , † July 20, 1850 in Paris ) was a French general in the cavalry .

Live and act

Rosnyvinen came from an old noble family in Brittany , he was the son of Pierre-Marie de Rosnyvinen and his wife Hélène-Marie Éon.

Like his father, Rosnyvinen decided to pursue a military career and joined the Garde du corps du roi (→ Maison militaire du roi ) at the age of thirteen . During the revolution he switched to the Armée des émigrés and fought under the leadership of Field Marshal Friedrich August, Duke of York and Albany near Quiberon (June 23 / July 21, 1795) and participated in the suppression of the uprisings in Brittany (→ Chouannerie ) and part of the Vendée . Severely wounded, he was able to escape to England with some of his followers.

In 1798 Rosnyvinen secretly returned to France and became an enthusiastic supporter of Napoleon . When he was appointed First Consul on December 10, 1799 , he supported a. a. Rosnyvinen. When Napoleon set up a hussar regiment on March 8, 1800 , Rosnyvinen entered there twelve days later and was promoted to Capitaine with effect from June 20 of the same year . When this regiment was disbanded in 1801, Rosnyvinen withdrew into private life.

On November 24, 1801 Rosnyvinen married Marie-Pauline Hay des Nétunières at Rennes and had four children with her: Édouard-Marie (* 1802), Ernest (1804–1840), Alexandre-Élisabeth (1809–1885) and Victor-Marie ( 1815-1847).

On September 22, 1805, Napoleon brought him back to the Grande Armée and Rosnyvinen fought with his own command at Austerlitz (December 2, 1805), Jena (October 14, 1806), Preussisch Eylau (February 7/8, 1807) and Friedland (June 14, 1807).

After further promotions, Rosnyvinen took part in the Napoleonic Wars on the Iberian Peninsula from 1808 : u. a. he distinguished himself from Somosierra (November 30, 1808) and La Coruña (January 16, 1809).

In the fifth coalition war, Rosnyvinen fought off Teugn-Hausen (April 19, 1809), Eggmühl (April 22, 1809) and Regensburg (April 19/23, 1809). He was wounded in the latter skirmishes and was only able to return to his command on the occasion of the Battle of Raab (June 14, 1809). He also took part in the Battle of Wagram (July 5-6, 1809).

When Napoleon was planning his war against Russia in 1812 , he brought Rosnyvinen to his staff. Promoted again, he fought at Ostrowno (July 25/27, 1812), the Battle of Smolensk (August 17/17, 1812) and the Berezina (November 26/28, 1812).

He also distinguished himself in the battles at Brienne (January 29, 1814), Nangis (February 17, 1814), Bar-sur-Aube (February 27, 1814) and Paris (March 30, 1814) and the Battle of Rocquencourt .

After Napoleon's abdication (→ Abdication ) he turned to the Bourbons .

Général de division Hippolyte-Marie de Rosnyvinen died on July 20, 1850 in Paris and found his final resting place in the old cemetery of Piré-sur-Seiche .

Honors

• February 1807 Chevalier of the Legion of Honor
• 1819 Chevalier des Ordre royal et militaire de Saint-Louis
• 1834 Grand Officier of the Legion of Honor
• Baron de l'Émpire
• His name can be found on the north pillar (2nd column) of the Triumphal Arch on Place Charles-de-Gaulle (Paris)

literature

• David G. Chandler : The campaigns of Napoleon . Weidenfeld, London 1993, ISBN 0-297-81367-6 (reprint of the London 1966 edition)
• Philip J. Haythornthwaite: Who was who in the Napoleonic wars . Arms & Armor, London 1998, ISBN 1-85409-391-6 .
• Kevin F. Kiley: Once there were titans. Napoleon's generals and their battles; 1800-1815 . Greenhill, London 2007, ISBN 1-85367-710-8 .
• Charles Mullié: Biography of the célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850 . Poignavant, Paris 1851 (2 volumes).
• Pierre Pendaries: Le général Piré . In: Revue de l'institut Napoléon. Issue 194 (2007), pp. 7-69, ISSN  0020-2371
• Jacques Pépin: Le général Hippolyte de Rosnyvinen . In: Bulletin et mémoires de la société archéologique d'Ille-et-Vilaine. Volume 83, 1981, pp. 45-50, ISSN  0750-1412
• Georges Six: Dictionnaire biographique des généraux & amiraux français de la Révolution et de l'Émpire. 1792-1814 . Saffroy, Paris 1999, ISBN 2-901541-06-2 (reprint of Paris 1934 edition).