Hiroshi Ōguri (physicist)

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Ōguri Hiroshi

Hiroshi Ōguri ( Japanese 大 栗 博 司 , Ōguri Hiroshi , in the Anglo-Saxon language area mostly alternative to the Kunrei system Hirosi Ooguri ; * 1962 in Gifu , Gifu Prefecture ) is a Japanese theoretical physicist who deals with quantum gravity and string theory.

biography

Ōguri made his bachelor's degree in 1984 and his master's degree in theoretical physics at the University of Kyoto in 1984 and received his doctorate in 1989 from the University of Tokyo , where he had previously been an assistant professor from 1986 to 1989. From 1990 to 1994 he was Professor at the Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences (RIMS) at Kyoto University. Before his doctorate in 1988/89, he was at the Institute for Advanced Study and as a post-doctoral student at the Enrico Fermi Institute at the University of Chicago from 1989 to 1991 (as assistant professor) and from 1992 to 1993 at Harvard University (Lyman Physics Laboratory). In 1994 he became Professor at the University of California, Berkeley and Senior Scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory . Since 2000 he has been a professor at Caltech (from 2007 Fred Kavli Professor of Theoretical Physics ). Since 2007 he has also been a senior scientist at the Kavli Institute of the University of Tokyo.

He worked, among other things, on two-dimensional conformal field theories , D-brane in Calabi-Yau manifolds, the AdS-CFT correspondence , supersymmetric gauge field theories and their connection to superstring theory, quantum theory of black holes in string theory.

With Daniel Harlow , he proved in 2018 that assuming the AdS / CFT correspondence ( holographic principle ) there are no (exact) global symmetries in quantum gravity. In addition, they derived consequences for internal gauge symmetries that occur in the low-energy range of quantum gravity theory. These must have compact calibration groups and physical (dynamic) states occur in all irreducible representations of the calibration group.

In 2008, together with Andrew Strominger and Cumrun Vafa, he received the first Leonard Eisenbud Prize of the American Mathematical Society for studying the number of microstates (entropy) in the quantum theory of black holes (for special black holes) using topological string theory and Gromov-Witten Related invariants. He received the Nishina Prize in Japan in 2009 and was Senior US Scientist at the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (2009). In 2008 he gave the Takagi Lecture of the Japanese Mathematical Society. He is a fellow of the American Mathematical Society. In 2016 he was elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . For 2018, Ōguri was awarded the Hamburg Prize for Theoretical Physics .

He has been a member of the Aspen Center for Physics and its council since 2003 and was on the Scientific Advisory Board of the Kavli Center for Theoretical Physics in Santa Barbara and the Solvay Institute in Brussels. He co-organized the String 98 Conference in Santa Barbara and the String 03 Conference in Kyoto.

From 1997 to 2006 he was co-editor of JHEP (Journal of High Energy Physics), from 1997 of Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics, from 1998 on Nuclear Physics B and 2006 to 2009 on Physical Review D.

Ooguri also emerged as a science popularizer with six books in Japanese (as of 2018), which were also translated into Chinese and Korean and were bestsellers (circulation of over 300,000 by 2018). For his book Introduction to Superstring Theory he received the most important Japanese award for scientific literature. He was a consultant for the educational film The Man from the Nine Dimensions , which received the award for best educational film from the International Planetarium Society in 2016.

Fonts

  • with O. Aharony, S. Gubser, Juan Maldacena , Y. Oz: Large N Field Theories, String Theory and Gravity , Physics Reports, Volume 323, 2000, pp. 183-386, online
  • with M. Bershadsky, S. Cecotti, C. Vafa: Kodaira-Spencer Theory of Gravity and Exact Results for Quantum String Amplitudes , Comm.Math.Phys., Volume 165, 1994, pp. 311-428, online

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hiroshi Ōguri: 名古屋 . In: 大 栗 博 司 の ブ ロ グ . September 12, 2010, Retrieved June 17, 2012 (Japanese).
  2. ↑ Harlow, Ooguri, Constraints on symmetry from holography, Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 122, 2019, p. 191601, Arxiv
  3. ↑ Hiroshi, Ooguri, Symmetries in quantum field theory and quantum gravity, Arxiv 2018
  4. ↑ Researchers find quantum gravity has no symmetry , Science Daily, June 19, 2019
  5. ^ Ōguri, Strominger, Vafa, Black hole attractors and the topological string , Phys. Rev. D, Volume 70, 2004, p. 106007, Arxiv , Receipt of the Eisenbud Prize
  6. ^ American Academy of Arts and Sciences : Newly Elected Fellows. In: amacad.org. Retrieved April 22, 2016 .
  7. ↑ Hamburg Prize 2018 for Ooguri , idw
  8. ↑ Hamburg Prize for Ooguri , 2018
personal data
SURNAME Ōguri, Hiroshi
ALTERNATIVE NAMES 大 栗 博 司 (Japanese)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Japanese physicist
DATE OF BIRTH 1962
PLACE OF BIRTH Gifu