Hirschberger
The Hirschberger were a medieval noble family that existed until the beginning of the 17th century. Their ancestral home was the Hirschburg on the Hirschberg in the woods above Leutershausen - today part of the municipality of Hirschberg an der Bergstrasse .
Demarcation
In the Middle Ages there was also a Bavarian aristocratic family called Hirschberger in Beilngries in the Altmühltal . In the records and documents of both sexes, however, there is no evidence of any connection between the two families. This is underpinned by the fact that Count Gebhard III. von Dollnstein and Gögling first called himself "von Hirschberg" in 1205 - probably because he settled above what is still known as the Hirschberg district and took the name of the place in which he built Hirschberg Castle .
Naming
The name is derived from the Old High German word for deer - hiruz, hirez or hirz - from which the older forms of the name Hirzesberger and Hirzberger, which can be found in documents, are derived. There can be several possibilities for the origin of the name:
- Since other family members and lines (the deer horns) also have antlers in their coat of arms or gave places a name with the component “deer”, the entire family could have chosen a deer as the symbol and basis of their name since their formation in the dark past to have.
- the entire ridge on which the first known nobleman settled and on which he built at least one, perhaps two castles, was called Hirschberg in ancient times. The nobles therefore gave themselves even before they were mentioned for the first time and the now known Hirschburg built the name of the mountain on which they settled. Today only the mountain with the ruins of the Hirschburg is called Hirschberg. The top of the ridge, on which the first, older castle stood, is now called Schanzenköpfle .
history
The family is first mentioned in a document in 1142 in the Lorsch Codex . The head of the family at that time was Conrad I. von Hirzberg, who probably died in 1165. In 1142 he was given the "Liuthereshusen" fief, today's Leutershausen , a place in the plain below his presumed residence, from the Lorsch monastery . In the same year he was also a witness among the noble free when the monastery Schönau (Odenwald) was founded . The Hirschburg in the forest above Leutershausen was probably built by him. The first illustration of the coat of arms of the noble free von Hirschberg comes from a fief book from 1471, another from a copy book from 1508 (award of a fief by the elector).
His son Konrad II von Hirzberg continued the Hirschberg family at the headquarters in Hirschburg near Leutershausen. The second son Heinrich I founded the new line of the Strahlberger or "Strahlberg". His grandson Conrad I der Strahlenburg built the Strahlenburg in 1235 and shortly afterwards also built the new town of Schriesheim (a village called Schriesheim had existed for a long time at the time).
Gebhard von Hirschberg became a member of the Teutonic Order before 1272 and donated his inheritance - the goods to Weinheim - to the order. From 1273 until his death in 1277 he was German master of the order.
Later, the noble lords of Hirschberg were given servants by their fiefdoms, who then also called themselves von Hirschberg. Up until the late 13th century, a man's origin and status were very important for his position and, above all, for the tasks he was given. For a while there was a coexistence of noble freemen, who were given the fiefs due to their position (and were often rough and unpredictable fellows), and the servants (mostly deserved unfree), who were considered loyal and loyal by the lenders (monastery or count) reliable administrators have been appointed.
The noble free family of the Hirschberger died with Heinrich III at the beginning of the 14th century. which was mentioned for the last time in 1300. The Hirschberger family of service men died out on August 21, 1611 with Johann Ludwig.
coat of arms
Coat of arms of Arnolt von Hirschberg in the fief book of Elector Friedrich I from 1471
Coat of arms of Friedrich von Hirschberg in the copy book, 1451 or 1508
Hirschberg coat of arms on the tombstone of Abbess Barbara Göler of Ravensburg († 1535), Rosenthal Abbey (Palatinate)
literature
- Josef Fresin: Heimatbuch Leutershausen . 1977.
- Festschrift for the 1100 anniversary of Leutershausen . 1977.
- Thomas Steinmetz: The descent of the Lords of Hirschhorn and the origins of their castle and rule . In: Geschichtsblätter Kreis Bergstrasse, 30 (1997) . Pp. 40-55.
- Achim Wendt: The "Schanzenköpfle". Or: Where does the Strahlenburg . In: Schriesheimer Jahrbuch 1997 . Pp. 35-56.
- Rainer Kunze: The Hirschberg-Waldecker and their castles . In: Mannheimer Geschichtsblätter New Series Vol. 5/1998 . Sigmaringen 1998, ISBN 3-7995-0959-3 , pp. 9-32.
Web links
- Something is happening around the Hirschberg castles - Schanzenköpfle - Hirschburg - Waldeck in the investigations by Achim Wendts and Rainer Kunzes , ZUM.de / Badische Heimat 2003, news and notes on regional studies in the region 4/99.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Document in the State Archives Ludwigsburg, JL 425 Vol. 24 Qu. 40