Horndal
| Horndal | ||||||
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| State : | Sweden | |||||
| Province (län): | Dalarna County | |||||
| Historical Province (landskap): | Dalarna | |||||
| Municipality : | Avesta | |||||
| Coordinates : | 60 ° 17 ′ N , 16 ° 24 ′ E | |||||
| SCB code : | 6576 | |||||
| Status: | Crime scene | |||||
| Residents : | 1120 (December 31, 2015) | |||||
| Area : | 2.68 km² | |||||
| Population density : | 418 inhabitants / km² | |||||
| List of perpetrators in Dalarna County | ||||||
Horndal is a locality ( tätort ) in Dalarna . It belongs to the municipality of Avesta in the province of Dalarnas Lan . Horndal is about 20 kilometers northeast of Avesta . Lake Rossen is located near the village .
The village is an industrial site that was built around the steelworks that no longer existed in the meantime. Nowadays, working people mostly go to work in Avesta and Hofors . The place name Horndal, which was first mentioned in 1367 ( widhir Hornædal ), includes the river name Hornå = 'Horn River' and valley in Swedish " dal ".
history
Horndal ironworks
It is believed that the first ore hammer in Horndal was operated from around 1591. Another hammer was put into operation in 1631. The Miners' Association decided to set up a foundry in Horndal in 1644 . The first ironworks was officially founded in 1650. In that year Isak Kock (later ennobled and named Isak Cronström) asked for permission to build another ore hammer next to the elder. This should be owned by the miners . Two years later, the new ore mill received the desired privileges. A short time later, Isak Kock bought both ore hammers and forced the miners to stop production. Instead, further smelters were built in Valla, which was very close to Lake Rossen. These were approved in the same year as the ones operated in Horndal.
During the 1690s there were the mentioned ore mills and four ore smelters in Horndal. A detailed map from the years 1760–61 with the industrial area of Horndal shows two ore mills, an ore store, two charcoal stores, a workshop, two small reservoirs with their dams. In 1895 two obsolete blacksmith hammers and one "sinker hammer" were replaced. These were supplemented with a Lancashire furnace (an outdated method to obtain forgeable iron. At the same time a forging method.) And a light furnace.
In 1861 the wholesale merchant Joseph Michaeli and Filip Bergendal bought the factory in Horndal. In the same year two more ore smelters were built. Now began an expansive period in the history of Horndal. In 1872 Horndals Jernverks AB was founded. And three more years later the railway ( Norra stambanan ) came to the place. When the old iron smelter in Horndal burned down in 1885, a new one was built shortly afterwards. The Lancashire melt, which was expanded several times, was the largest of its kind in Sweden in 1886. It now consisted of 15 melting furnaces. The forge in Horndal was closed in 1942.
In Näs Bruk , which is in the same municipality, a wire and fine rolling mill was put into operation in the early 1880s. This was completed in 1898 with a power station, which should supply the industry in Horndal with electricity.
In 1896, there was huge investment in Horndal. A large Martin mill with two Martins furnaces , a slab mill , a rough mill and a middle mill were built. In 1919 a 29-ton Martin stove was added. In 1927 the ironworks in Horndal was taken over by Fagersta Bruks AB . During the Second World War it was possible to increase production with very small investments. At the same time, there was an order backlog of several years. This phenomenon was later given the name of the horn-valley effect .
In 1953 a new fine rolling mill was put into operation with the aim of producing higher quality steel. The ironworks closed in 1945. The middle rolling mill followed in 1965. From 1972 to 1979 the Horndal ironworks was leased from Boxholms AB . In 1978 the ironworks finally fell. At that time this consisted of a fine and coarse rolling mill and several Martin furnaces . On the last day in June 1979, the entire operation was completely closed. General unemployment began immediately afterwards. Today there are some new companies on the site of the old ironworks, these have created around 90 new jobs.
Electrification of the railway
In November 1935 a power line was laid to operate electric locomotives for the Krylbo - Gävle line. From 1936 the electricity came from a hydroelectric power station in Krångede in Jämtland . A 360-kilometer power line was laid to Horndal, where a large transformer station had already been completed. From here the current was forwarded to the west, east and Mälardalen . The line to Krångede was the first 220 kV line in the country.
The official apartments of the former employees of the steelworks, which originated from 1936 to 1953, were sold to private individuals between 1997 and 2002. The real estate today forms the village of Horndal with the village community.
Sights and buildings
Horndal ironworks
The Horndal ironworks is a well-preserved industrial monument with many interesting buildings. The park around the old smelter's office building (which was probably built before 1700) includes the old smelter fair (built in 1877), which now houses a smelter museum. The old administrators' apartments were transferred to the Horndals Hüttenwerkvereinigung in 1995 . They run the buildings on a voluntary basis. The park was probably created when the old mansion was built, which dates from 1776.
Of all the industrial buildings that have survived, the ruins of the forge, which closed in 1942, are the most remarkable. Many parts of the old inventory can still be seen in the ancient walls. There is still a light forge and several charcoal stores under the old buildings. The old rolling mill has also been preserved, as well as coal storage, a small forge, a house made of slag including a shop model made of wood. The old Martinswerk was completely demolished after its closure. There are also no visible remains of the ironworks or the neighboring sintering plant.
Roller of the old ironworks
Horndal's old fire station
Ruins of the forge in the old part of Horndal's ironworks
Horndals ironworks, "new" part
A number of older workers' apartments and the parish garden (which was laid out around 1914) have been preserved. The oldest building in Horndal, the so-called Lusbostugan , is located in the Horndal Hüttenpark. At the moment the building is being renovated. Former Ambassador to the United States, Franklin S. Forsberg grew up in this house. Lieutenant General Sven-Olof Olson was involved in the renovation and maintenance of the structure and also took an active part in it.
church
Horndals Church is a towerless brick church, which was built in 1958.
flywheel
An 80-ton flywheel from the old industrial area was brought to the center of Horndal as a memorial in June 2008. The monument was inaugurated on August 2, 2008 by Laila Borger from the Avesta community. The speech was given by Bengt Söderqvist from Horndal.
Johan Olov School
The Johan Olof School has a leisure facility and has established itself in cultural life. It is integrated into the Forum for Culture at the local level . The Kulturforum has a theater with space for 200 people, a library, a bathhouse with a swimming pool and a large gym. The name of the school comes from Johan-Olof Johanssons (1874 to 1955). The name was given in honor of the former author and union leader. The principal of the school is called Jerker Olofsson.
Culture
In 2007 and 2008 the music festival Blowingroom Festival was held in Horndals Hüttenpark . In 2009 the culture and music festival Vildrosfestivalen took place in Konsjön in the woods outside of Horndal.
The Horndalsrevyn is a popular local revue in the area.
The "HORNDALSGRUPPEN" development group has been active since 2008. The chairman of this group in 2012 was Bengt Holmertz.
The resident price has been awarded since 2005. This is awarded to residents of Horndal who have made a great contribution to the preservation of Horndal and its buildings. The election takes place through the vote of all Horndaler, who give their votes to whoever they think deserves the award. A working group consisting of representatives from sports associations, local trade and the Lions club then evaluates the ballots and announces the respective winner. The prize will be presented to him at the end of the year, during the Christmas holidays.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Statistiska centralbyrån : Land area per Tatort, folkmängd and invånare per square kilometer. Vart femte år 1960 - 2015 (database query)
- ↑ Information on the history of Horndal - In Swedish ( Memento of the original from November 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Information about the Horndalsgruppen ( Memento of the original dated November 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Swedish)
- ↑ Information on the annual Horndal Resident Award - In Swedish ( Memento of the original from November 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
Perpetrator: Avesta | Folkärna | Fors | Horndal | Krylbo | Näs Bruk | North anö
Småorter: Bondarvet och Kolarbo | By | Grönvallen | Hede | Hyttan | Igeltjärna och Brovallen | Jularbo | Korskrogen | Övrabyn | Södra Kyrkbyn | Stora Dicka