Hornfish
Hornfish | ||||||||||||
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Triacanthodidae | ||||||||||||
Gill , 1862 |
The hornfish (Triacanthodidae) are a family of puffer fish relatives (Tetraodontiformes). The German trivial name is not unambiguous, since hornfish also include the Balistidae and the Belonidae .
features
As with the triggerfish and filefish , the first ray of the dorsal fin is formed into a strong spine. In addition, instead of the pelvic fins, they each have a spine - this makes them similar to the three-spined ones , but they also have the pusher mechanism. Their caudal fin ends bluntly or is rounded. In the genera Halimochirurgus and Macrorhamphosodes , the mouth is converted into a greatly elongated mouth tube.
Fin formula : dorsal 12–18 anal 11–16
Way of life
Little is known about the way of life of the hornfish. They live close to the ground at depths of 50 to 2000 meters in tropical and subtropical areas of the Indo-Pacific and the western Atlantic . Hornfish grow to be between 4.5 and 22 centimeters.
Systematics
There are 24 species in 11 genera and two subfamilies:
- Subfamily Hollardinae, four species in the western Atlantic, one species in Hawaii
- Genus Hollardia Poey, 1861
- Hollardia goslinei Tyler, 1968
- Hollardia hollardi Poey, 1861
- Hollardia meadi Tyler, 1966
- Genus Parahollardia Fraser-Brunner, 1941
- Parahollardia lineata (Longley, 1935)
- Parahollardia schmidti Woods, 1959
- Genus Hollardia Poey, 1861
- Subfamily Triacanthodinae, a species in the western Atlantic, 17 species in the Indo-Pacific
- Genus Atrophacanthus Fraser-Brunner, 1950
- Atrophacanthus japonicus (Kamohara, 1941)
- Genus Bathyphylax Myers, 1934
- Bathyphylax bombifrons Myers, 1934
- Bathyphylax omen Tyler, 1966
- Bathyphylax pruvosti Santini, 2006
- Genus Halimochirurgus Alcock, 1899
- Halimochirurgus alcocki Weber, 1913
- Halimochirurgus centriscoides Alcock, 1899
- Genus Johnsonina Myers, 1934
- Johnsonina eriomma Myers, 1934
- Genus Macrorhamphosodes Fowler, 1934
- Macrorhamphosodes platycheilus Fowler, 1934
- Macrorhamphosodes uradoi (Kamohara, 1933)
- Genus Mephisto Tyler, 1966
- Mephisto albomaculosus Matsuura et al., 2018
- Mephisto fraserbrunneri Tyler, 1966
- Genus Paratriacanthodes Fowler, 1934
- Paratriacanthodes abei Tyler, 1997
- Paratriacanthodes herrei Myers, 1934
- Paratriacanthodes retrospinis Fowler, 1934
- Genus Triacanthodes Bleeker, 1858
- Triacanthodes anomalus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850)
- Triacanthodes ethiops Alcock, 1894
- Triacanthodes indicus Matsuura, 1982
- Triacanthodes intermedius Matsuura & Fourmanoir, 1984
- Genus Tydemania Weber, 1913
- Tydemania navigatoris Weber, 1913
- Genus Atrophacanthus Fraser-Brunner, 1950
In addition to the recent ones, three fossil genera from the middle Eocene of Monte Bolca in Italy are known: Eoplectus , Spinacanthus and Zignoichthys .
literature
- Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World . John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7
- Kurt Fiedler: Textbook of Special Zoology, Volume II, Part 2: Fish . Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena, 1991, ISBN 3-334-00339-6
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bemis, KE, Tyler, JC, Psomadakis, PN, Newell Ferris, L. & Kumar, AB (2020): Review of the Indian Ocean spikefish genus Mephisto (Tetraodontiformes: Triacanthodidae). Zootaxa, 4802 (1): 82-98. DOI: 10.11646 / zootaxa.4802.1.5
- ^ Karl Albert Frickhinger: Fossil Atlas of Fishes . Mergus-Verlag, Melle, 1999, ISBN 3-88244-018-X
Web links
- Hornfish on Fishbase.org (English)