Huang Yongsheng

General Huang Yongsheng

Huang Yongsheng ( Chinese  黄永胜 ; born November 17, 1910 in Xianning , Hubei , † April 26, 1983 in Qingdao , Shandong ) was a Chinese politician of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and general of the People's Liberation Army .

Life

Chinese civil war and promotion to general

Huang Yongsheng participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising during the 1927 Chinese Civil War and joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) as a member in December 1927 . In 1931 he became commander of the 31st Division of the 11th Army of the Red Army and shortly thereafter commander of the 16th Division of the 32nd Army of the Red Army. He took part in the Long March between 1934 and 1935 and at the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War, on July 7, 1937, he became the commander of a regiment of the 115th Division of the 8th Army of the Red Army, with which he was after the end of the Second Japanese-Chinese War. During the Chinese War from 1945 to 1948, participated in numerous battles and combat missions in the Chinese Civil War. In 1948 he was appointed commander of the 6th Division belonging to the Fourth Field Army. When this 6th Division became the 43rd Army at the end of 1948, he took over the post from its commander. He was last in command of the 14th and 13th Army Group during the Civil War in 1949.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949, Huang Yongsheng was initially still commander of the 13th Army Group and then took over the post as commander of the 15th Army Group. During the Korean War between 1950 and 1953 he was first in command of the 13th Army Group and later again in command of the 15th Army Group. At the 8th Congress of the CCP (September 15-27, 1956) he was elected as a candidate for the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC Central Committee ) and was part of that body after his re-election at the IX. CCP Congress (April 1-24, 1969) through September 24, 1971.

Cultural Revolution, Chief of the General Staff and disempowerment

See also : Guangxi Massacre  and [[Guangdong Massacre]]

General Huang Yongsheng's tomb on the grounds of Underground Project 131 in Hubei

He also acted as the commander of the Guangzhou military region and, after the beginning of the Cultural Revolution on August 20, 1966 , intervened with his army units and disarmed the "revolutionary rebels". During the riots in Hong Kong in 1967 , he proposed an invasion and occupation of Hong Kong , which was rejected by the Prime Minister of the People's Republic of China Zhou Enlai . In November 1967 he was successor to the former governor of the province of Guangdong Chen Yu and assumed the position as Chairman of the Revolutionary Council of Guangdong and remained in this position until June 1969, after which Liu Xingyuan became his successor. He was also the successor to Zhao Ziyang from 1968 until he was replaced by Liu Xingyuan in 1969, and he also served as secretary of the CCP party committee in Guangdong Province.

Huang was responsible for both the Guangxi and Guangdong massacres .

As the successor to General Yang Chengwu , General Huang Yongsheng also became Chief of the General Staff of the People's Liberation Army in March 1968 and held this post until September 1971. At the CCP Congress (April 1-24, 1969) he was also elected a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China and a member of the CCP Central Committee and was a member of these top bodies until September 24, 1971. In the further course of the Cultural Revolution he allied himself with Lin Biao , Chen Boda , Wu Faxian , Ye Qun , Li Zuopeng , Qiu Huizuo and some like-minded people in order to conspiratorially take power in the highest party and state bodies . He played an active role in the persecution of party and state leaders, albeit not without the support of Mao Zedong , who also wanted to disempower this firmly rooted nomenclature of top officials. However, in July 1971, Mao Zedong decided to get rid of Lin Biao and his generals, Huang Yongsheng, Wu Faxian, Li Zuopeng, and Qiu Huizuo. Therefore, from August 15 to September 12, 1971, he traveled through southern China to prepare the officials for the overthrow of Lin Biao and his generals. The May Day celebrations in Tian'anmen Square broke out when Lin Biao overrode the protocol and appeared for just a minute without speaking to Mao and his guests. In this way, the public learned that the leadership was divided.

After Lin Biao, his wife Ye Qun and his son Lin Liguo , died in unexplained circumstances over Öndörchaan in Mongolia on September 13, 1971 after fleeing China , Huang Yongsheng was arrested on September 24, 1971 and lost his position as boss of the General Staff of the People's Liberation Army and as a member of the Politburo and the CPC Central Committee. It was not until 1980 that the "counter-revolutionary clique" around Lin Biao and Jiang Qing were tried in Beijing , during which he was sentenced in 1981 to 18 years' imprisonment. He died in custody two years later.

Web links

• Entry (chinavitae.com)
• Yuwu Song: Biographical Dictionary of the People's Republic of China , p. 143, McFarland, 2013, ISBN 0-7864-3582-8

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Guangdong: Chairmen of the Revolutionary Committee (rulers.org)
2. ↑ Guangdong: Secretaries of the Provincial Committee of the Communist Party (rulers.org)
3. ↑ Jian Guo, Yongyi Song, Yuan Zhou: The A to Z of the Chinese Cultural Revolution ( en ). Rowman & Littlefield, 2009, ISBN 978-0-8108-6870-0 .
4. ↑ Lebin Yan: 我 参与 处理 广西 文革 遗留 问题. Retrieved March 21, 2020 (Chinese). 
5. ^ Party Congresses of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the ruling party of People's Republic of China
6. ↑ Yuwu Song: Biographical Dictionary of the People's Republic of China , McFarland, 2013, ISBN 0-7864-3582-8 , pp. 197, 260

Note: This article places the family name before the person's first name. This is the usual order in Chinese. Huang is the family name here, Yongsheng is the first name.