Ipet-hemet (Egyptian mythology)
| Ipet-hemet in hieroglyphics | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| From the New Kingdom |
Ipet-hemet Jpt-HMT The Ipet Her Majesty |
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| or |
Ipet-hemet-es Jpt-ḥmt-s Her Majesty's Ipet |
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Ipet-hemet , also Ipet-hemet-es (" Her Majesty's Ipet ") was revered as one of the twelve months hippopotamus goddesses and "Ipet des Amun-Re ". As the embodiment of Hathor and " Courage of Ischeru ", their main cult places were in Thebes and Dendera . In the Sothis calendar , the originally twelfth month Ipet-hemet was named after her.
From the 21st to the 24th dynasty , the Egyptians saw Ipet-hemet as "the distant goddess who looks at victorious Thebes on her holiday". This title also identifies them as Mut and Hathor, "the distant deities" and bearers of the Eye of Re .
Cult and representations
Ipet-hemet is iconographically symbolized with the body of a pregnant hippopotamus and a hippopotamus head, human hands , crocodile backs and lion paws . In human form, she wears the ancient Egyptian double and Hathor crown.
In the series of 50 Mammisi deities she had the additional designation: "A goddess of the gods, of the excellent and noble ladies".
Her temples were also in Philae and Edfu, among others . Other tasks were Ipet-hemet as Nebetu and Hathor in their function as "mistress of the field" and the connection with the Ipip festival .
Calendar function
During the Strings and Greco-Roman times , Ipet-hemet appeared as the goddess of both the first Schemu and the third Schemu month; at the beginning of the New Kingdom as the goddess of the second Schemu month and in the time of Amenhotep III. up to Ramses I also as the goddess of the third Schemu month.
literature
- Rolf Krauss : Sothis and moon dates: studies on the astronomical and technical chronology of ancient Egypt. Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1985, ISBN 3-8067-8086-X .
- Christian Leitz among others: Lexicon of Egyptian gods and names of gods . Vol. 1: 3 to y (= Orientalia Lovaniensia analecta. [OLA] Vol. 110). Peeters, Leuven 2002, ISBN 90-429-1146-8 .
- Richard Anthony Parker : The calendars of ancient Egypt. Chicago Press, Chicago 1950, OCLC 2077978 .
- Siegfried Schott : Ancient Egyptian festival dates. Publishing house of the Academy of Sciences and Literature, Mainz / Wiesbaden 1950, DNB 454460953 .
Remarks
- ↑ a b The spelling changed more frequently since the Middle Kingdom , which is why only the most commonly used forms are shown here; see Christian Leitz among others: Lexicon of Egyptian gods and names of gods. Vol. 1: 3 to y (= Orientalia Lovaniensia analecta. [OLA] Vol. 110). Leuven 2002, p. 219.